单选题 Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and human feeling. (1) of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless (2) on God's earth. What we should (3) at producing is men who (4) both culture and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start (5) , and their culture will lead them as (6) as philosophy and as high as (7) We have to remember that the valuable (8) development is self-development, and that it (9) takes place between the ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve.
In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must (10) of what I will call "inert ideas"—— that is to say, ideas that are merely (11) into the mind without being (12) , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations.
In the history of education, the most (13) phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a (14) generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overlade with inert ideas. Except at (15) intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically (16) with inert ideas. That is the reason why (17) clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible (18) of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity (19) greatness has been a (20) protest against inert ideas.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 名词辨析
[解析] B项scrap意为“碎片、零屑、小块”，常含有“废品、破烂”的意味，常用于短语“scraps of”中。根据原文：“havenothing to do with it，可见这种零碎的信息是无用的、废弃的信息，所以选择“scraps．of”。而选项A“chip指从木头、玻璃、石头等物质上削下或碰下来的碎片，体积很小”，C项“fractions碎片，小部分，一点儿；分数”，D项“plate多指面积大的，薄而平的金属板或玻璃板，常作建筑材料，机器部件或保护物”。均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 上下文语义关系
[解析] 根据原文，A项“bore”与上文提到的“human通人情的”形成对比。而选项B“反语；讽刺”，C项“势利小人，谄上欺下的人；自命不凡者”，D项“消化道，肠道，胃，肚子，内脏”均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 词组搭配
[解析] B项“aim at doing目的在于；旨在”。根据原文第一句“Culture is activity of thought，．and receptiveuess to beauty and human feeling”，此处与之形成一种呼应，进一步论证学习文化的目的。而选项A“point at/to指向，表明，C项“clutch(at)sb．/sth．(因害怕或痛苦)突然抓住”，D项“snap out of迅速从……中恢复过来；snap up抢购；抢先弄到手”均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 动词辨析
[解析] 根据原文意思：“……人既应______文化，又应在某些领域______专业知识”，所以选择“possess”。而选项A“识别，鉴别；identify with把……和……看成一样，打成一片”，B项“占，占用；占据，占领；使忙碌，使从事”，D项“确保，保证”均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 上下文语义关系+形容词辨析
[解析] 根据文章的一致性，“intellectual”与“thought思想”和“philosophy哲学”形成呼应。故D项为正确答案。而选项A“理智的；合理的；有理性的”，B项“生理(上)的”，C项“神圣的；非凡的；神的”均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 语义逻辑
[解析] 根据本句中的“between the age of sixteen and thirty”以及第三段的“in middle life so much the most…”，可见这种情况“主要”发生在16岁到30岁之间，故A项符合题意，为正确答案。而选项B、C、D均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 短语搭配
[解析] A项“beware of注意；当心；小心”。“beware of”与上文提到的“receptiveness接受”以及下文提出的…lneil ideas内心思想”形成一种搭配，表达的是一种心理状态，A项符合题意，为正确答案。而选项B“dispose of处理，处置；dispose for布置，安排”，C项“确保，保证”，D项“boast of/about自夸，夸耀”均不符合题意。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 语义逻辑
[解析] 根据原文意思：“在过去，教育基本上是受内心思想感染的。”而且作者在这里表达的是一种消极的态度，所以选择“infect”，故A项为正确答案。而选项B多指对某人的思想、行为、性格等产生的潜移默化的、使之逐渐改变的‘影响”’，选项C“instmct正式用词，强调系统、详细、精心地‘传授’专门化的知识”，选项D“endow with给予，赋予，认为……具有某种物质”，均不符合原文意思。

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 形容词词义辨析
[解析] 根据上下文，“unedueated”与上文提到的“edtlcation教育”和“training训练；培训；锻炼”形成对比，故D项符合原文意思，为正确答案。而选项A、B、C均不形成对比，不符合题意。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[考核知识点] 名词辨析
[解析] 根据文章一致性原则，“burden“与“are overladen with负担过重的；负担过多的”构成呼应，故选项B为正确答案。而选项A“load装载(量)，负荷(量)；(一)担，(一)车；原文指车、船、飞机、人或动物的负荷物，引申义指工作或精神上的’负担’，未必很繁重”，选项C“gap间隙，缺口”，选项D“span跨度，跨距”均不符合题意。