单选题
The Internet affords anonymity to us users, a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber crime that has【1】across the Web. Can privacy be preserved【2】bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 【3】? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation"s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a【4】to make the Web a safer place - a "voluntary trusted identity" system that would be the high-tech【5】of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled【6】one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential【7】to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to【8】a federation of private online identity systems. Users could【9】which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver"s license【10】by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these "single sign-on" systems that make it possible for users to【11】just once but use many different services.【12】the approach would create a "walled garden" in cyberspace, with safe "neighborhoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of【13】community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a "voluntary ecosystem" in which "individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with【14】, trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure【15】which the transaction runs." Still, the administration"s plan has【16】privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would【17】be a compulsory of Internet "driver"s license" mentality. The plan has also been greeted with【18】by some computer security experts, who worry that the "voluntary ecosystem" envisioned by Mr. Schmidt should still leave much of the Internet【19】. They argue that all Internet users should be【20】to register and identify themselves in the same way drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.
单选题
【1】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。空格中需要动词作为谓语动词,其主语是that,指代the explosion of cyber crime(网络犯罪的激增),结合空格后的across the Web可以推断空格中需要“遍及,穿越”等义,由此确定A项swept为本题答案。
单选题
【2】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:从句引导词题(状语从句引导词)。状语从句引导词的选择主要考虑从句与主句之间的语意关系。空格所在句子的主句是privacy be preserved(隐私得以保护),从句为省略了主语和助动词的bringing safety and security to the world(带来网络世界的安全),由此可以推断本句是要表达在带来安全的同时隐私得以保护,C项while可以这样使用并表达这样的语意,为本题答案。
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(短语动词)。roll与into构成短语动词roll into one意为“合为一体”,如Banks are several businesses rolled into one.银行是合为一体的几种不同企业。故本题答案为B.into。
单选题
【7】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。空格中需要动词,其逻辑主语是a smart identity card,空格后是to a computer,由此可以推断空格中需要“连接,插入”等类似语义。选项A.linked意为“连接”,符合上下文语意,为本题答案。选项B.directed意为“指引,指导”;选项C.chained意为“用铁链锁住”:D项compared意为“比较,比做”。
单选题
【8】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。上文讲述了为解决网络安全问题的一条建议,本句的the idea的内容就是建议,空格后的federation of private online identity system意为“个人网络身份系统联盟”,空格中需要动词,表示“建立,创造,形成”等类似含义。选项A.dismiss意为“解雇,解散”;选项B.discover意为“发现”;选项C.create意为“创造,建立”,符合上下文语意,为本题答案。D项improve意为“改进,改善”。
单选题
【9】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。空格中需要动词,其主语是Users“用户”,宾语是which system to join“加入哪个系统”,由此推断空格中需要“选择”或者“决定”等类似含义。选项A.recall意为“回忆,回想”;选项B.suggest意为“建议”:选项C.select意为“挑选,选择”;选项D.realize意为“意识到,认识到”。由此确定选项C为本题答案。
单选题
【10】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(近义词辨析)。空格中需要动词过去分词,作中心词driver"s license的定语。该过去分词的逻辑主语是government“政府”,逻辑宾语是driver’s license“驾驶执照”,由此推断空格中需要“颁发”之意。选项A.release意为“释放;发行”,如release a suspect释放嫌疑犯;选项B.issue意为:“颁发,颁布”,如issue a policy发布政策;选项C.distribute意为“分发,发放”,如distribute the money among us five把那笔钱在我们五个人中分:选项D.deliver意为“投递,投送”,如deliver newspaper送报纸。由此确定选项B.issue为本题答案。
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。空格之后的trusting the identities of each other提示我们空格中需要“信任,相信”等含义。选项A.caution意为“谨慎,小心”:选项B.delight意为“快乐,高兴”:选项C.confidence意为“信心,信任”;选项D.patience意为“耐心,耐烦”。由此确定选项C.confidence为本题答案。
单选题
【15】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(介词搭配)。本空格介词与其宾语which(代infrastructure“基础设施”)构成介词短语,表示transaction runs“交易进行的地点”。选项A.on与infrastructure构成介词短语,从而本句构成完整语句:the transaction run on the infrastructure。故本题答案为A.on。
单选题
【16】
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。大家做本题时,可能会感到莫名其妙:似乎几个选项都符合句意。这时,我们不妨扩大我们的视野看看下文。下文指出:Some applaud the approach;others are concerned,由此我们可以看出这份计划出台的结果是有些隐私权积极分子为之喝彩,而有些则为之担忧,产生了意见的分化。选项A.divided意为“(使)产生分歧”符合上下文语意,为本题答案。
【答案解析】解析:词汇题(词义选择)。空格中的动词要说明网络用户应该以怎样的方式登记身份,随后的in the same way drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads(与驾驶员必须得到驾照才能驾车上路同样的方式)提示我们,网络用户登记身份也是“必需的”,由此确定选项D.forced“强迫,强制”符合上下文语意,为本题答案。