Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one"s side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm"s length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing our friends, business and respect in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up ate conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation"s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.
单选题 It can be inferred that Americans being approached to closely by Middle Easterners would most probably______
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:第二段指出,美国人喜欢和其他人保持至少3英尺或一臂的距离,身体互相接触,会使他们不舒服。可见,如果距离太近,美国人会后退。
单选题 The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their______
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:第一段指出,美国人的文化使多数美国人认为自己不但语言全球通用,使用的手势也能被别人明白,但他们没有意识到这是不正确的。这实际上是一种自我为中心的观点。
单选题 In countries other than their own most Americans______
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:第五段指出,当美国人出国,由于语言不通,只能呆在可以说英语的旅馆和饭店中,要获取信息也只能从说英语的本地人得到,做生意和政府外交都要通过翻译来进行。
单选题 According to the author, Americans" cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ______
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:第六、七段指出,多年之后,美国和美国人会因为文化愚昧和语言无知而自食其果。但这一切已经成为过去,美国在世界上的地位正在改变。
单选题 The author"s intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that______
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:文章批评了美国人在文化上的妄自尊大,指出美国人应该了解世界文化。