问答题
关于克隆人的争论

自从1997年世界上第一只克隆绵羊多利诞生以后,每年都有不少新的克隆动物问世。最近,美国和意大利两位科学家宣布他们将联手尝试克隆人,用来帮助不育夫妇获得后代。这个爆炸性的新闻一公布,就立即引起了世界各国的强烈反响,赞成者有之,反对者更多。许多国家早就立法或者曾经下令予以禁止。能不能够克隆人、是否应该允许克隆人,越来越成为人们关注的一个问题。
科学界、政治界和宗教界内反对克隆人的呼声非常强烈。他们认为克隆人在技术上成功率不高,其后果是破坏人的伦理道德,给社会造成灾难。
在主流的反对声中,还有一种微弱的声音认为,克隆人的是非需要等待历史来验证。他们认为,克隆技术确实与原子能技术等一样,既能造福人类,也可祸害无穷。但“技术恐惧”的实质,是对错误运用技术的人的恐惧,而不是对技术本身的恐惧。历史上输血技术、器官移植等,都曾经带来极大的伦理争论。而当第一位试管婴儿于1978年在英国出生时,更是掀起了轩然大波,但现在全世界已经有300多万试管婴儿。某项科技进步最终是否真正有益于人类,关键在于人类如何对待和应用它。
然而,多数人对于克隆人的反对立场并没有影响克隆作为一项科学技术的迅速发展。一些科学家认为,克隆人的尝试必将进行下去,人们所要做的是学会怎么去控制它。
今天,人类拥有空前丰富的信息、工具和资源,科学的发展已进入信息时代、核能时代、航天时代和生命科学时代,如何使科学造福而不是祸害人类和地球,是人们应该关注和警觉的问题。
【正确答案】
The Controversy over Human Cloning

Ever since the birth in 1997 of Dolly the cloned sheep, a number of other cloned animals have kept coming out every year. Recently, two scientists from the United States and Italy announced that they would work together on the cloning of human beings so as to help sterile couples have offspring. This explosive news instantly evoked worldwide repercussions. While some people have voiced their support, many more oppose the practice of human cloning, a practice that has already been outlawed or banned in many countries. Can human beings be cloned and whether human cloning should be allowed has become an ever-increasing concern of the world.
There has been a strong outcry against human cloning in academic, political and religious circles. They hold the view that technically the chance of successful cloning is slim and that consequently the cloning of human beings will destroy human moral principles and cause a social disaster.
Amongst the mainstream opposition there is a weak voice, saying that whether human cloning is right or wrong is yet to be determined by history. For people sharing this view, cloning technology is just like atomic technology, which can be a blessing or a curse to mankind. But fear of technology is essentially a fear of those who use technology wrongfully, rather than a fear of the technology itself. Historically, blood transfusion and organ transplant were both subjects of bitter controversy relating to ethics. When the first test-tube baby was born in the United Kingdom in 1978, the event caused a great disturbance. But so far there have already been more than three million test-tube babies in the world. So whether a technological progress will eventually be beneficial to mankind depends on how mankind handles and applies it.
Despite opposition on the part of the majority of people against human cloning, cloning as a technology has been developing fast. Some scientists believe that such experimentation is bound to go on and that what we should do is to learn how to control it.
Today, mankind possesses rich information, tools and resources as never before, and scientific development has entered an era of information, nuclear energy, space flight and life science. How to make science benefit instead of harming mankind and the earth is an issue that merits our attention and vigilance.
【答案解析】