单选题 The "formal learning" refers to all learning which takes place in the classroom, regardless of whether such learning is ______ by conservative or progressive ideologies.
A. secured B. attained C. manifest D. informed

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] D选项：informed的意思为“提供资料(或情报、消息等)”，如：He informed his staff that he Was going to Europe on business．(他告诉职员他要到欧洲出差。)句意：“正规的学习”是指所有的学习都在课堂上进行，不论知识传授者的思想意识是保守还是进步。故选D。
其他三项意思分别是：secured使安全，(使)获得；attained实现，得到；manifest清楚表示，显露。