Technological progress and openness to trade—the two most important drivers of economic advances and change today—are also inextricably linked. The rise of a more integrated global economy has accelerated the spread of innovation, information and know—how, and has spurred cross-border collaboration and competition, all of which have helped to fuel technological advances. At the same time, these technological advances—from containerization to improvement in air-travel, to the invention of the internet—have helped to bring about today’s increasingly integrated global economy. The result tends to be a virtuous circle in which advances in technology lead to more openness to trade, and economic openness spurs technological advance, all helping to underpin deepening growth and greater integration of developing countries into the global economy.