问答题
Robots came into the world as a literary device whereby the writers and film-makers of the early 20th century could explore their hopes and fears about technology, as the era of the automobile, telephone and aeroplane picked up its reckless jazz-age speed. Since moving from the page and screen to real life, robots have been a mild disappointment. They do some things that humans cannot do themselves, like exploring Mars, and a host of things people do not much want to do, like dealing with unexploded bombs or vacuuming floors. And they are very useful in bits of manufacturing.
But reliable robots-especially ones required to work beyond the safety cages of a factory floor—have proved hard to make, and robots are still pretty stupid. So although they fascinate people, they have not yet made much of a mark on the world. That seems about to change. The dramatic growth in the power of silicon chips, digital sensors and high bandwidth communications improves robots just as it improves all sorts of other products.
【答案解析】
解析
文章选自Economist ,Rise of the robots 机器人的崛起。难度中等偏上,难点:长句、生词,例如reckless、bandwidth、文化背景,如jazz age。要做好这篇英译汉,首先要在理解的基础上再动笔翻译。
考点举例1:长句+生词+文化背景
文章开篇就给考生来了个下马威,“Robots came into the world as a literary device whereby the writers and film-makers of the early 20th century could explore their hopes and fears about technology, as the era of the automobile, telephone and aeroplane picked up its reckless jazz-age speed. ”洋洋洒洒好几行终见句号!口口个人认为,整篇文章最难翻好的也就是这一句。按理说,长句其实并不难处理,分析清楚文章结构就可以了,但是在这句句子中又夹杂了诸如reckless的生词,以及jazz-age此类包含文化背景的词汇。
策略:理清结构、整体理解
遇到长句,无论生词的多少,分析清楚句子结构是王道!此句主题词:robot,literary device被whereby所引导的定语从句所修饰,这里的whereby相当于by which。注意此句中的两个as,前者表示“作为”,而后者相当于“when”。
而生词则要放到上下文当中去看,做到整体理解,不要因为一两个单词放弃了整句句子。“ as the era of the automobile, telephone and aeroplane picked up its reckless jazz-age speed.”英语句子中,动词是核心,抓住动词也就是比较容易把握句子的主干,“pick”一词对考生来说并不难。即使不清楚reckless的具体意思,但也能大致猜出个范围,这里肯定是指发展速度快。考场上搞不清楚jazz-age到底是什么年代也无妨,按照字面意思翻成“爵士乐时代”即可。句子大意即为:automobile等的发展速度是和jazz-age一样迅猛的。
Reckless:鲁莽的、不计后果的,jazz age一般指一战以后,经济大萧条以前的约十年的时间。当时,第一次世界大战已经结束(1918),经济大萧条(1929)还没有到来。当时的社会形态大家可以想象一下菲茨杰拉德的小说《The Great Gatsby》里所描述的场景。
译文:机器人起初是文学的形式来到这个世界,20世纪早期的作家和电影人通过机器人来表达他们对科技的憧憬和恐惧。当时汽车、电话和飞机如同爵士乐时代一般无畏地飞速发展。
考点举例二:转译
Since moving from the page and screen to real life, robots have been a mild disappointment.
英语是静态的语言,惯用名词,而汉语是动态的语言,惯用动词。此句中的disappointment在翻成中文时要注意灵活的转换。
译文:自从将机器人从书本和大银幕搬到现实世界后,人们却略感失望。