单选题 Some personal characteristics play a vital role in the development of one's intelligence. But people fail to realize the importance of cultivating these factors in young people. The so-called "non-intelligence factors" include【C1】______feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits. After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males, American psychologists found out that the main cause of【C2】______in intelligence is not intelligence【C3】______. but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn, willpower and self-confidence. 【C4】______people all know that one should have definite objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don't pay much attention to【C5】______these factors. Some parents are greatly worried【C6】______their children fail to do well in their studies. They blame either【C7】______factors, malnutrition, or laziness, but they never take into consideration these non-intelligence factors. At the same time, some teachers don't【C8】______into these, as reason why students do poorly. They simply give them more courses and exercises, or even rebuke or【C9】______them. In the end, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and【C10】______themselves up as hopeless. Others may go【C11】______because they are sick of learning. Another investigation of more than 1000 middle students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 percent of them were afraid of learning, because of examination, 36.4 percent【C12】______persistence, initiative and conscientiousness and 10.3 percent were sick of learning. It is clear【C13】______the lack of cultivation of non-intelligence factors has been a main【C14】______to intelligence development in teenagers. It even causes an imbalance between physiological and【C15】______development among a few students. If we don't start now to【C16】______the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only obstruct the development of the【C17】______of teenagers, but also affect the quality of a whole generation. Some experts have put forward【C18】______about how to cultivate student's non-intelligence factors. First, parents and teachers should【C19】______understand teenage psychology. On this basis, they can help them to pursue the objectives of learning, 【C20】______their interests and toughening their willpower.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：句意：在对8000名男性进行了30年的跟踪调查之后，美国的心理学家发现造成智力方面巨大差异的原因并非智力本身，而是包括学习欲望、意志力及自信在内的非智力因素。A：差异点，不同之处。B：great differences悬殊，巨大差异，不同，不等，不一致。C：differences of characteristicssuggesting a relationship，especially a resemblance in structure between animals，plants，or languages(尤指动物、植物、语言之间结构的)不同，相异。D：信誉(或尊重)的丧失(或缺乏)，丢脸的人(或事)。本文是关于人与人之间性格、智力方面的差异，因此C不合适。联系上下文，第一段讲到个人性格所起到的作用，作者用了vital一词，absolutely necessary；essential必不可少的、必要的，作者想要强调其作用之大，可见一斑。结合文意，B表示的是巨大的差异，因此较A更合适。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】解析：句意：虽然人们都知道人人都应该有明确的努力目标、坚强的意志以及良好的学习习惯，但是很多老师、家长并没有注重培养孩子这些素质。A：尽管，虽然。B：conj．尽管如此，然而。C：然而，可是，不过。D：而且，加之，再者，更有甚者。根据语义，此处为让步状语从句，而D表示的是递进，因此排除。C后需要加逗号，排除C。而B一般不放在句首，因此只有A符合句意。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】解析：句意：36．4％的同学缺乏毅力、主动性，不勤奋。persistence：坚持不懈；执意。initiative：主动性。conscientious：认真的，勤奋的。conscientiousness：勤奋。此处考查的是lack的用法。lack用作名词时不可数，表示的是the state of being without or not having enough of something缺少、缺乏的状态。用作及物动词时，其后要加宾语，表示的是be without or deficient in缺乏，缺少，没有。