单选题 Practitioners in all the theoretical perspectives that we have reviewed use interviews to assess personality. The techniques range from informal conversational exchanges to well-organized series of specific questions designed to elicit (诱出) specific responses. Good interviewers do not limit their attention to what the interviewee says; they also look at how he or she says it. They note the interviewee's general appearance, voice and speech patterns, the contents of his or her thoughts, and facial expressions and posture(姿态).
The interview is valuable for the direct personal contact that it provides, but it has some limitations, particularly from a research standpoint. For example, it is difficult to quantify everything that goes on in an interview. The person being interviewed may not understand or may resist the purpose behind the interview. Interviewees may state facts, opinions, and attitudes in a reliable fashion; but, in some cases, they may distort facts and lie. They may sigh, gesture, avert their eyes, tap their feet, and smile or grimace (做怪相) at the interviewer. Even experienced interviewers can extract and use only a small percentage of all this information.
In addition, interviewees may be defensive and may hesitate to discuss personal opinions, attitudes, and concerns openly. Interviewers must estimate the degree to which the desire of some interviewees to present themselves in a socially desirable light may invalidate some or all of their responses. Sometimes interviewers observe behaviors that interviewees are unaware of themselves.
Despite its limitations, the face-to-face interview is obviously essential for certain purposes. A clinical psychologist needs to observe and converse with some one who is being considered for treatment in a mental hospital. So, also, does a personnel specialist who wants to fill a top management position. But other more convenient and quantifiable techniques that supplement or improve upon certain aspects of the interview are being constructed by personality assessors.

单选题 Good interviewers assess an interviewee's personality by attending to the following EXCEPT ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】本文是一篇关于采访的技巧、手段和作用的议论文。这是一道语篇理解题，考查第一段的内容——优秀的采访者根据什么来估量被访者的性格。A，B，D三项的“被访者的相貌和想法”、“非言语行为”和“讲话的内容和方式”都在第一段中有所体现，只有C项的“讲话的音质和音量”未提及。

单选题 The interview limits an interviewer's assessment because ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】这是一道语篇理解题，考查第二、三段的内容——访问者在采访中所得出的估价结果有局限的原因。从第二、三段可知“被采访者可能会拒绝采访的真实意图，歪曲事实甚至撒谎”，“被访者可能会不愿意公开谈论个人观点、态度和所关心的问题”。故四项中只有B项“被访者可能会掩盖事实真相”与文章内容相符而又较为全面。

单选题 The face-to-face interview is very important for the following people EXCEPT ______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】这是一道语篇理解题，考查第四段的内容——面对面的采访对哪些人有帮助。 B，C，D三项的“诊断病人精神疾病的临床心理学家”、“要担任重要职务的管理专家”和“分析评估个人性格的评估员”均在文中有所反映，只有A项的“将与另一方进行谈判的高层管理人员”未提及。

单选题 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】这是一道正误判断题。A项的“采访将会被更加可定量的技术支持和改进”是第四段中的内容；B，C项的“被访人也许不愿公开谈论个人的事务和意见”和“假如被访人对一些问题不愿讨论，那么他们的回答可能会被认为是无效的”是第三段的内容，只有D项“采访人会通过对被访人愿望的评估认为他的回答为正确”与文章不符。