单选题
To be a good friend, you have to give of yourself, nonetheless not so much that you lose yourself. This is a pretty predictable recipe for happiness. Giving to others—a reliable way of fostering friendships—makes us happier than taking things for ourselves. In the light of research led by Dr. Elizabeth Dunn at the University of British Columbia, money can purchase happiness...on the prerequisite that you utilize it on other people. Researchers administered three studies consecutively. First, they surveyed more than 600 Americans and found that spending money on gifts and charities led to greater happiness than spending money on oneself. Subsequently they probed into workers who had just received bonuses and observed that their happiness did not hinge on the size of their bonus but on the decision they made about what to do with whatever amount of money they received. Those who spent more of their bonus on others were happier than those who spent the money on themselves. Finally, the researchers simply distributed money to a good many subjects, instructing some to spend the money on themselves and others to spend the money on others. At the end of the day, the ones who spent money on others were a good deal happier. As a consequence, having friends and treating them generously is clearly a winning strategy in life. But what about in business? If you watch even a single episode of any reality TV show based on a competition, such as The Apprentice, you'll hear a single phrase crop up more often than any other: "I'm not here to make friends!" Is that true? Are we better off being cutthroat than collaborative? Once you're on the job, having a best friend at work is a strong predictor of ensuing success. People might define "best" loosely (think of this as kindergarten where you can have more than one "best" friend), but according to a Gallup Organization study of more than 5 million workers over 35, 56% of the people who say they have a best friend at work are engaged, productive, and successful while only 8% of the ones who don't are. Another remarkable study, spanning decades, revealed that friendships in high school were an effective predictor of increased wages in adulthood—to the tune of 2% per person who considered you a close friend. To put it otherwise, if in high school three people regarded you as one of their closest same-sex friends, your earnings in adulthood work would be 6% higher. The happy truth is that the competitors who say they're not here to make friends don't win eventually. That's true for reality TV, for business, and for life as well.
单选题
According to Dr. Elizabeth Dunn's research, ______. [A] you'll gain friendship if you are ready to sacrifice [B] giving of yourself can secure you much happiness [C] money can make you happy if employed in a proper way [D] accepting things from others may not make us happy
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[试题类型] 具体信息题。 [解题思路] 根据题干关键词Dr. Elizabeth Dunn定位至第一段。邓恩博士认为，money can purchase happiness...on the prerequisite that you utilize it on other people，钱能买来幸福，前提是为别人花钱。由此可知，恰当地使用金钱就可以让我们获得快乐，故正确选项为[C]。 [干扰排除] 选项[A]“乐于奉献就能获得友谊”与第一段前两句作者的表述相符，但不是邓恩博士的研究结果，故排除。选项[B]“付出才能收获幸福”与第一段第三句的表述相符，但同样不是邓恩博士的研究结果，放排除。选项[D]是说“接受别人的东西或许不能让我们快乐”，该说法在文中没有提及，更不是邓恩博士的研究结果，故排除。
单选题
Which of the following is true of the three consecutive studies? [A] Money doesn't matter when it comes to cultivating friendship. [B] The size of one's bonus makes no difference to the one concerned. [C] Giving money to strangers can bring us happiness. [D] Money spent on others can bring us much happiness.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】[试题类型] 推理引申题。 [解题思路] 文章第二至四段分别介绍了研究人员进行的三项研究，并得出相同的结论，即把钱花在别人身上，如为别人购买礼物或者用于慈善等，能比为自己花钱获得更多的快乐，由此可见，乐于奉献可以为我们带来更多的快乐，因此选项[D]正确。 [干扰排除] 选项[A]“金钱对于培养友谊并不重要”，原文没有这样的表述，原文说的是乐于奉献、多为朋友花钱是能够增进友谊的，该项明显和原文意思不符，故排除。选项[B]“一个人获得的奖金多少对他来说无关紧要”是对文中第三段内容的曲解。第三段指出职员的幸福程度更多取决于奖金用来做什么而不是奖金本身有多少，这并不是说奖金多少对于职员来说无关紧要，故排除。选项[C]提到“把钱给陌生人(giving money to strangers)可以让我们快乐”，但原文是说为别人花钱(spend the money on others)可以使我们更快乐，显然该选项缩小了概念的范围并且“直接给钱”(giving money)与“为别人花钱(spend the money)也是两个不同的概念，故排除该选项。
单选题
The author quotes the example of the TV show to show that______. [A] it is not possible to find friends during a competition [B] it is improper to talk about friendship on TV [C] friendship is of much importance even in business [D] there is no chance for competitors to cooperate during TV shows
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[试题类型] 篇章结构题。 [解题思路] 根据题干关键词TV show定位至第六段和最后一段。第六段的例子是为了回答第五段的问题，第五段段末问道，在职场中情况如何(But what about in business)。接着第六段指出，在许多竞争类电视真人秀节目中，许多选手都认为残酷的竞争比通力协作更有益，但作者在最后一段指出，那些只想赢得比赛而不想交朋友的参赛者都未获胜(the competitors who say they're not here to make friends don't win eventually)。由此可知，作者提到电视真人秀节目是要说明，友谊在竞争的环境中是至关重要的，故选项[C]最符合文意。 [干扰排除] 选项[A]“在竞争中找不到朋友”，选项[B]“在电视节目中谈论友谊是不合时宜的”，选项[D]“在电视节目中竞争者没有机会与别人合作”，这三个选项都与原文不符，故排除。
单选题
According to the Gallup Organization study, ______. [A] it's enough for one to just have a best friend [B] friendship helps even in the workplace [C] people are not critical about friends at work [D] friends are more helpful at work than at school
单选题
According to the passage, it would be better for high-school students to______. [A] make more close friends [B] learn to give of themselves [C] work more often in collaboration with other students [D] have a plan to gain a high paid job after graduation
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[试题类型] 具体信息题。 [解题思路] 根据题干关键词high school定位至文章第八段。该段提到，高中时候交到的挚友越多，成年后的工作收入就会越高(friendships in high school were an effective predictor of increased wages in adulthood)，由此可见，高中生多交要好的朋友有助于以后的工作，因此选项[A]为答案。 [干扰排除] 与其他同学更多的合作以及学会付出都是能够交到更多朋友的一个方面，因此选项[B]、[C]的概括不够全面，故排除。文中并没有提到中学生要为毕业以后找到高薪的工作作计划，故排除选项[D]。