单选题
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories{{U}} (21) {{/U}}on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior{{U}} (22) {{/U}}they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through{{U}} (23) {{/U}}with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in{{U}} (24) {{/U}}to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,{{U}} (25) {{/U}}as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,{{U}} (26) {{/U}}the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes{{U}} (27) {{/U}}lack of adequate pa- rental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are{{U}} (28) {{/U}}to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly{{U}} (29) {{/U}}juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that{{U}} (30) {{/U}}to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment{{U}} (31) {{/U}}make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in{{U}} (32) {{/U}}lead more youths into criminal-behavior. Families have also{{U}} (33) {{/U}}changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;{{U}} (34) {{/U}}, children are likely to have less supervision at home{{U}} (35) {{/U}}was common m the traditional family structure.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] centering意为“集中,围绕”;acting on意为“起作用”;relying on意为“依靠,依赖”;commenting on意为“对……进行评论”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A项before意为“在……之前”,引导时间状语从句;B项unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句;C项until意为“直到……才”,引导时间状语从句,D项be- cause意为“因为”,引导原因状语从句。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A项interaction意为“相互作用,相互影响”;B项assimilation意为“吸收;同化”;C项cooperation意为“合作”;D项consultation意为“请教,咨询”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A项return意为“归还”,in return to意为“作为对……的报答”;B项reply意为“回答”,in reply to意为“作为对……的回答”;C项reference意为“参考,涉及”, in reference to意为“关于”;D项response意为“反应”,in response to意为“应……而……,作为……的反应”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A项or意为“或者”,B项but rather意为“而是”;C项but意为“但是”,表示转折;D项or else意为“不然,否则”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] A项considering意为“考虑”;B项ignoring意为“忽略,无视”;C项high- lighting“强调,使显著”;D项discarding意为“遗弃”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] for lack of意为“因为缺少……”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A项immune意为“免疫的”;B项resistant意为“抵抗的,有阻力的”; C项sensitive意为“敏感的”;D项subject意为“易受……的”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A项affect意为“影响”;B项reduce意为“减少,降低”;C项check意为“限制,阻止”;D项reflect“反映”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] A项point(to)意为“暗示,指示”;B项lead(to)意为“导致,引起”; C项come(to)意为“总计为,结果是”;D项amount(to)意为“达到,总计”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] A项in general意为“—一般来说,大体上”;B项on average意为“平均”; C项by contrast意为“作为对照,对比”;D项at length意为“最后,最终”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] A项(in) case意为“以防,万一”;B项(in) short意为“简而言之”; C项(in) turn意为“依次,轮流;反过来”。D项(in) essence意为“本质上,实质上”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] A项survived意为“幸存”;B项noticed意为“注意到”;C项undertaken意为“承受,接受”;D项experienced意为“经受,经历”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] A项contrarily意为“相反”;B项consequently意为“因此,所以”;C项similarly意为“同样地,相似地”;D项simultaneously意为“同时”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 句中用了less,很明显是比较级,所以应当接than。