单选题 Which of the following is most likely to occur in the short run if there is an unanticipated decrease in aggregate demand due to a reduction in business and consumer optimism?

A、 An increase in the rate of unemployment.
B、 An increase in real GDP.
C、 A higher rate of inflation.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】If business and consumer optimism wanes, consumers will spend less and defer current consumption and save more of their disposable income. With reduced product demand, businesses will reduce their capital expenditures and investments. These actions will lead businesses to reduce their number of employees, thereby increasing the rate of unemployment. Moreover, current output will decrease and the price level will fall.