单选题 {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for
each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
When lab rats sleep, their brains
revisit the maze they navigated during the day, according to a new study
{{U}}(1) {{/U}} yesterday, offering some of the strongest evidence
{{U}}(2) {{/U}} that animals do indeed dream. Experiments with sleeping
rats found that cells in the animals' brains fire in a distinctive pattern
{{U}}(3) {{/U}} the pattern that occurs when they are {{U}}(4)
{{/U}} and trying to learn their way around a maze. Based on
the results, the researchers concluded the rats were dreaming about the maze,
{{U}}(5) {{/U}} reviewing what they had learned while awake to
{{U}}(6) {{/U}} the memories. Researchers have long
known that animals go {{U}}(7) {{/U}} the same types of sleep phases
that people do, including rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, which is when people
dream. But {{U}}(8) {{/U}} the occasional twitching, growling or barking
that any dog owner has {{U}}(9) {{/U}} in his or her sleeping pet,
there's been {{U}}(10) {{/U}} direct evidence that animals {{U}}(11)
{{/U}}. If animals dream, it suggests they might have more {{U}}(12)
{{/U}} mental functions than had been {{U}}(13) {{/U}}.
"We have as humans felt that this {{U}}(14) {{/U}} of memory—our
ability to recall sequences of experiences—was something that was {{U}}(15)
{{/U}} human," Wilson said. "The fact that we see this in rodents
{{U}}(16) {{/U}} suggest they can evaluate their experience in a
significant way. Animals may be {{U}}(17) {{/U}} about more than we had
previously considered." The findings also provide new support
for a leading theory for {{U}}(18) {{/U}} humans sleep—to solidify new
learning. "People are now really nailing down the fact that the brain during
sleep is {{U}}(19) {{/U}} its activity at least for the time immediately
before sleep and almost undoubtedly using that review to {{U}}(20)
{{/U}} or integrate those memories into more usable forms," said an
assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical
School.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】released发表,发行。The new motion picture was released yesterday.昨天发行了一部新的影片。related叙述,使联系;retained保持,保留;relieved减轻,解除。句意:实验鼠睡眠时,其大脑重现了它白天走过的迷宫。昨天发表的一项新的研究报告如是说。这为动物确实会做梦提供了迄今为止最有力的证据。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】as yet至今。as yet迄今,到目前为止,如:As yet,no man has set foot on Mars,到目前为止还没有人登上火星。 still仍旧;however(然而)用在此显然不通;by then到那时为止,前文并未出现过去的某个时间点,本短语也无法用在这里。因为strongest是形容词的最高级,所以应有一个隐含的限定,as yet的作用是限定时间。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】首段首句谈到老鼠睡着时大脑会重访迷宫。也就是说睡着时大脑的状态跟醒时走迷宫的状态很相似。本空白前是睡眠时的pattern,空白后是“the pattern that occurs when they are...and trying to learn their way around a maze”,可以判断出空白后应该指醒时走迷宫的pattern。显然两者应该是相似的,故resembling正确。intersecting(相交)、differing(不同)容易排除。paralleling意为“平行”。
【答案解析】不难判断空白后的“reviewing what they had learned...”是对空白前的“dreaming about the maze”的进一步解释,故[D]in essence(实质上)正确。句意:根据这些研究成果,研究人员断定,老鼠梦见迷宫,实质上是回顾它们醒着的时候走迷宫的过程以增强记忆。这个分词短语进一步说明了研究人员的看法。in circles=in a circle在原地兜圈子,毫无进展;in accord与with连用,意为“与…一致”;in case万一。这三项用在这里不合逻辑,无法表达出文中的解释作用。
【答案解析】through经过。go through经历,如:They have all gone through the war.他们都经历过这场战争。句意:研究人员早就知道动物经历的睡眠阶段和人类一样,包括人做梦时的快速眼动(REM)睡眠在内。go for追求; go by从…旁走过,顺访;go in进入,参加,此三项均无“经历”之意。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】apart from除…之外(还有)。如:Apart from a few words,I do not know any French at all.除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。句意:但是,除了任何一位狗的主人都能看见的其宠物睡眠时偶尔出现的抽搐、低吼或轻吠之外,几乎没有动物会做梦的直接证据。instead of代替(有否定之意);as well as也,又(并列关系);except for除…之外(不包括)。如:The article is well written,except for a few spelling mistakes.这篇论文写得不错,只是有几处拼写错误。
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】witnessed亲眼看见,目睹。如:He witnessed the accident.他亲眼目睹了那场意外事故。guaranteed保证;encountered遇到,遭遇;confirmed确定。
【答案解析】此处语境意为:用这种复习来……或整合记忆。显然这里“to…or integrate…”是目的状语。空白处应是动词不定式并与integrate形成并列关系。再考虑末段首句破折号后的“to solidify new learning”,可以看出本处应选solidify的同义词,故[A]“consolidate”正确。transform变形、reorganize重新组织、renovate革新,均与前文没有意思上的联系。