写作题

Write an around-eight-hundred-word composition on one of the following titles paying close attention to the specific requirement on the organization of your passage.

1) European Football and American Football (comparison and contrast)
2) PM 2.5 in Beijing/Shanghai/Taiyuan… (cause and effect)
3) New Economy (definition)
4) Functions of Language (classification)
5) English Spread in the World (exemplification)

【正确答案】

European Football and American Football

European football and American football are two of the most popular sports in the whole world. Even if there are many differences between the two of them yet many people are confused and do not exactly know which these differences are. Here is the information about the differences and similarities between football and European football.

European football is the most popular sport in the world. The objective of the game is to score goals by kicking the ball into the net behind the goal post. While American football is a game with intense physical aggression with players that have speed, power, and explosiveness that requires helmets and padding to be worn.

European football, also called soccer in American English, is related to American football in some aspects but it is not in other ones. Both European football and American football appeared in the 19 century. European football is quite different from its European cousin, rugby. European football and rugby are related as European football derived from rugby when a “no hands” rule appeared. Rugby changed into two types of games: traditional rugby played in Europe and other continents and American football which is played in the United States.

American football is usually confused with European football. The difference between the two is greatly, but the same use of title can confuse others. The difference between American and European football is simple by definition. American football is used mostly with the hands to control the ball. However, European football is played dominantly with the feet, but can be controlled by other parts of the body like knees, chest, and head. They can use any part of their body by their arms and hands. If they do use the hands, a foul is called the other team gets control of the situation. They only people who are allowed to use their hands are the goalkeepers. By definition, football is when 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long. Teams try to steal/keep possession of the ball and move across the field to the other teams goal line by running a series of plays. European football or soccer is a game played with a round ball but not diamond shaped like American football.

Object of the American football game is to score points by carrying the ball beyond the opponents touch line. Each such instance is called a touch down. Also scoring by kicking it between the goal post called a Field Goal, while European football teams are seen as a whole. The defensive part and offensive part of the European football game depends on who has the ball as many midfielders play defense when the opposite team has the ball and many midfielders help the offense when their team has the ball.

Many European football games are played on football fields. They are set up the same way except a huge goal post, they use two goal nets (much like hockey). The games are in quarters that are times. There are four quarters per game and a half time. Usually there are only a minute or two pauses between quarters and the half time is much longer. American football games usually do not take as much time as European football, because there are fewer rules to American football. The whole idea of European football lies in putting the ball inside the goal. In American football, there is no such thing as the “goal” is different from the one in European football. Also, American football is more physical than European football as some physical moves are allowed. But even though you are not allowed to tackle a player purposely in European football, some players do tend to collide and when they do, they hit hard.

Fans of European football and American football are everywhere but European football has numerous fans outside the United States and American football has numerous fans in the United States and Canada. Many people are fans of international European football tournaments such as the European football World Cup or Champions League.

However, the Super Bowl is a much watched event too. Both American football and European football have many fans around the world.

European football and American football are much alike in some aspects, but are completely different in others. Sportsmanship is a problem in both sports. The two sports are very competitive and can be frustrating to the players. Either way you look at it, the two sports are just as amazing and can be very enjoyable to watch and play.

【答案解析】

第一部分,指出欧洲足球和美式橄榄球因名字接近同意让人混淆,引出本文讨论的主题,即足球与橄榄球 的异同。 第二部分,详细阐述二者的区别,从定义、由来、比赛规则、粉丝分布等多方面进行比对。 第三部分,指出两项运动虽然有诸多不同,但都十分具有竞争性和观赏性,都是很多观众喜爱的体育运 动。