单选题

Chronic Diseases: The World"s Leading Killer

Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable. Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes (糖尿病) and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year. This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen. It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area. In ten years it could be almost three-fourths. People are getting sick in their most economically productive years. In fact, experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia and India are also expected to face huge economic losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem. It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries. They include Brazil, Britain, Canada, China, India and Nigeria. The others are Pakistan, Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic (寄生的) diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific. But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented. They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people. Also, more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen. They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives. That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.

单选题 How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 本题问的是到2015年发展中国家将有多少人可能死于慢性病。原文第二段的第二、三句话明确说到，到2015年将有超过3.8亿人死于慢性病，而其中的80%将会出现在发展中国家。也就是说，到2015年发展中国家将有380,000,000×80%=304,000,000人死于慢性病。因此，本题的正确答案为C。3.8亿是预计死亡人数的总数，而非针对发展中国家，因此排除B项。

单选题 Due to chronic diseases China will have to face ______.

单选题 Which can NOT be learned from the passage?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 本题问的是下列哪一项文章中没有涉及。原文第三段的最后一句话说，“...chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.”说明慢性病造成中年人死亡的人数在穷国比富国多，但是并没有将中年人死亡的人数与老年人死亡的人数进行比较。可见，C选项的说法是错误的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。根据选项中preventable和major cause of death定位到文章第一段第一、二句。根据原文，慢性病是世界上最主要的死亡原因(the leading cause of death)，并且这情况通常是可以预防的(preventable)。因此，A和B两个选项的说法正确。根据原文第五段的最后一句话可知，经济增长(economic gains)是导致慢性病大量增加的原因，故D选项的说法也是正确的。因此排除A、B、D项。

单选题 Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have been ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 本题问的是直到最近亚太地区的主要杀手是什么。原文第七段的第一句话明确说到，“...infectious and parasitic diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.”直到最近，亚太地区的主要杀手还是传染病和寄生虫病。由此可知，本题的正确答案为D。文章第四段提到“lost productivity”，目的是为了说明中国用于慢性病的花销包含了损失的生产力的费用，因此B项不符合题意。第五段最后一句提到“economic gains”，目的是说明很多国家因为经济增长而慢性病增加，与题意要求不一致，因此排除。