【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[听力原文]
We are all familiar with the terms "copyright infringement" and "intellectual property", but how many of us actually know what these terms mean in the business world? Too often, freelancers, contractual employees and even executives run into a quandary when it comes to the practical applications of copyright and intellectual property. What exactly are the materials protected by copyright and do we relinquish our rights automatically when providing content as a freelancer?
W: What is copyright?
M: Copyright is a bundle of exclusive rights that provide authors of original literary, musical, dramatic and artistic works with sole right to authorize the following uses of their copyrighted works.
To reproduce all or part of the work
To make new or derivative versions
To distribute copies by selling, renting, leasing or lending them
To perform the work publicly
To display the work publicly, directly or by means of film, TV, slides, or other device or process
W: What does copyright protect?
M: Copyright protects only the original expression found in an author"s work. Expression refers to the way in which an author describes, expresses or illustrates something. Copyright does not protect ideas, concepts, procedures, principles, or discoveries revealed in an author"s work. However, under certain circumstances, the way in which those noncopyrightable elements are selected and arranged may be entitled to protection as a collective work.
W: What types of works are protected by copyright?
M: Both published and unpublished works are entitled to copyright protection. Copyright easily adapts to new technologies and media, therefore, the fact that something has been distributed anonymously over the Internet does not deny its copyright protection. Among the categories of copyrightable works are:
Literary works, including books, newspapers, well-developed literary characters, diaries, manuscripts, poetry, catalogs, brochures, ads, directories, encyclopedias, electronic databases, and computer programs.
Musical works, including accompanying words.
Dramatic works, including accompanying words.
Pantomime and choreographic works.
Pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works.
Motion pictures and other audiovisual works.
Architectural works.
Compilations and derivative works.
W: Someone stole my idea and used it. Can I sue for copyright Infringement?
M: Unfortunately, an idea cannot be copyrighted. Copyright protects only the way an author expresses an idea, not the idea itself. Ideas, facts, names, titles, slogans are but the few things that is not copyright protected. But in some instances, "soft" ideas, such as estimates that involve research and creative interpretation of data receive more protection under copyright law than do mechanical averages. For example, CNN may not own the news it reports, but the manner that it is reported can be copyright protected.
W: I"m a freelance writer. Do I own the copyright to my work?
M: It depends on whether you have signed a written agreement stating: that your work is specially ordered or commissioned that both parties have agreed that the work will be considered as work made for hire. Normally, when you enter a company or a contractual agreement, there would be a clause stating that the copyright to your work belongs to the company. If the work in question was created within the scope of employment, it is automatically considered as a work for hire and is owned by the employer.
W: Someone used my work without my permission. What can I do?
M: You can choose to lodge a complaint or sue for copyright infringement. The owner of copyright may claim damages in the form of financial compensation. He may also obtain an injunction to restrain the infringing acts. Apart from the civil remedies available, copyright infringement is also a criminal offence. The penalties that can be imposed on a guilty infringer include fines and even imprisonment.