单选题
{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible{{U}} (1) {{/U}}of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea{{U}} (2) {{/U}}, or patent it.
A{{U}} (3) {{/U}}patent is the result of a bargain{{U}} (4) {{/U}}between an inventor and the state, hut the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period{{U}} (5) {{/U}}.
Only in the most exceptional circumstances{{U}} (6) {{/U}}the lifespan of a patent{{U}} (7) {{/U}}to alter this normal process of events.
The longest extension ever{{U}} (8) {{/U}}was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuit was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent's normal life there was no color TV to{{U}} (9) {{/U}}and thus no hope for reward for the invention.
Because a patent remains permanently{{U}} (10) {{/U}}after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the{{U}} (11) {{/U}}office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if{{U}} (12) {{/U}}than half a century, sometimes even repatent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone{{U}} (13) {{/U}}to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through{{U}} (14) {{/U}}patents that the one sure way of violation of any other inventor's right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form{{U}} (15) {{/U}}invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally{{U}} (16) {{/U}}to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance is{{U}} (17) {{/U}}on these presumptions of legal security.
Anyone closely{{U}} (8) {{/U}}in patents and inventions soon learns that most "new" ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is theft reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology,{{U}} (19) {{/U}}makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory for magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate{{U}} (20) {{/U}}the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine ear was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】从上下文的意思来看,是说发明家有三个选择或路线,要么公开发表,要么不公布,要么注册专利。因此根据词义与句意应该选course,意思是“方针、路线”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】从上下文来看,是说发明者将发明秘而不发,因此先从词义排除掉A和D。covered的意思中。“隐蔽着的,掩藏着的”,secret的意思是“秘密的,隐秘的”,比较来看C更好一些,常用keep…secret表示“将某事保守秘密”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】这里是指“注册的”专利,grant意为“同意,准许,授予”,多用作及物动词,这里用granted表示“已经被批准、被授予的”
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】实际上应该是“a bargain which is struck between an inventor and the state",which引导一个定语从句修饰bargain,这里省略了which is,故应该用strike的过去分词struck。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】这一句的意思是,发明家先有一段垄断时期,这段时间结束以后就要把发明的所有细节公诸于众。terminate的意思是“停止,结束,终止”,而且是在after引导的从句中,故应该选择terminates。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】这是一个only引导状语放在句首的倒装句,故此处应该填be的正确形式,主语是the lifespan of a patent,故应该选单数的形式is。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】这是与上一个题相联系的,是is后面的动词,其实这个倒装句如果改成正常语序应该是“the lifespan of a patent is extended to alter this nromal process of this events”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】类似于第3题的用法,也是指“被批准的”最长的时间延长,grant的过去分词granted修饰extension。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】从上下文的意思来看,是说有个人的彩电线路专利被延长了很多年,是因为一直以来没有彩电来“接收”这一线路。此处to不是介词,后面跟动词原形,可知receive为最恰当选项。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】从前文的描述可以看出,专利在一定时期结束之后是要公诸于众的,所以这里应该选public,意为“公开的”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】本文一直是在讲专利,所以说应该是专利办公室的图书馆里有无数的专利信息可供人们自由使用,从语意上可知选patent。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】这里是说如果专利的时间超过了50年还应该再注册,所以应该是older that。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】从结构上来看,wishing to avoid a high cost足修饰anyone的,所以应该用动名词结构做定语,从意思上来看,人们当然是愿意通过剽窃专利以避免高额的研发费用,所以是选wish而不是refuse。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】从意思来看,是说人们想避免在仍有效的专利中搜索的高额费用,因此可能有人会去剽窃a dead patent,与下文的这个词组相对应,可以看出应该是选live。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】联系上下文的意思,某一观点的任何形式的公开发表都会使这一观点的其他专利无效,所以从四个选项的意思来看C比较合适。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据前文的意思,在同一个领域里有人发表注册了某一观点,那其他的也就无效了,只有从别的领域里提取观点才是安全的。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】考查搭配,注意空格后面是on,base on建立在…基础上,四个选项中只有base能很好的与on相搭配。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】也是一种常用用法,involve含有,包括,牵涉,说“某人涉及某事”通常说“somebody be involved in something”,这里是做定语,所以是involved in。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】这是一个强调句型,为了方便看清句子的结构可以先将句中中间的补充说明部分跳过,这样整个句子就变成了“It is theft reduction to commercial practice that makes news and money。”强调theft reduction,所以这个空应该填that。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】固定搭配,originate from,意为“发源于,来源于”。这句话的意思是“大部分电视机方面的最初观念都源于19世纪末期和20世纪初期。”