【正确答案】正确答案：According to Halliday and his Systemic Functional Grammar, adults" language mainly serves three meta-functions; the ideational function, the interpersonal function, and the textual function.(3 points) (1)The ideational function The ideational function is to convey new information, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer.(1 point) The ideational function mainly consists of transitivity and voice. Transitivity is simply the grammar of the clause in its ideational aspect. It consists of six different processes: material process, behavioral process, mental process, verbal process, relational process and existential process. "There is a new office building at the end of the road" is an example of the existential process.(3 points) (2)The interpersonal function The interpersonal function embodies all uses of language to express social and personal relation. It includes the various ways the speaker enters a speech situation and performs a speech act.(1 point) Interpersonal function is realized by mood and modality. Mood shows what role the speaker selects in a speech situation and what role he assigns to the addressee. Mood is made up of two parts: the Subject and the Finite element. Modality specifies if the speaker is expressing his judgment or making a prediction. Except the subject and the finite element, the rest of the clause is residue. Residue has three functional elements; predicator, complement, and adjunct. For example; He was lying on his back. Sub. Fin. Predicator Adjunct Mood Residue(3 points) (3)The textual function The textual function refers to the fact that language has mechanisms to make any stretch of spoken or written discourse into a coherent and unified text and make a living passage different from a random list of sentences. Although two sentences may have exactly the same ideational and interpersonal functions, they may be different in terms of textual coherence.(2 points) For example; Mary had a very bad cold last week. Mary went to the doctor. Mary had a very bad cold last week and went to the doctor. The textual function is realized as the thematic structure of the clause as a message. The two main constitutes are Theme and Rheme.(2 points)

【答案解析】解析：考查成人语言的三种元功能。根据韩礼德的系统功能语法，成人的语言主要有三种元功能：概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能。概念功能向听话人传达新的信息。人际功能表达了社会和个人的关系，包括讲话者进人语言情境的形式。语篇功能是指语言中存在着一种机制，可以将口头或书面的话语组织成连贯统一的语篇，这种机制使实际的言语区别于一系列的随意的句子。