问答题 The term Silent Generation may have been unflattering, but it was not inaccurate. (46)In the '50s, America seemed both workable and working, which allowed us the luxury of growing up in peace and security: Unlike those who preceded or those who followed us, we were not expected to fight or die for our country. The grievances of poverty, race and inequality were no less valid than they are today, but we were largely unaware of them. And so, for most of us, they did not exist.
We were incapable of hero worship. Those we most admired, in fact, were not real heroes but the antiheroes of fiction or film. (47)For us, coolness was all; we prided ourselves on being excellent critics, even of ourselves, as if we had a third eye looking in rather than out. We did not care so much what the good fight was, so long as it was waged with effortless style and nonchalance.
(48)Skeptical vision is a quality of the good journalist--and our generation has produced an extraordinary number of good journalists but it is usually fatal to the novelist or poet, who must have conviction in order to create. Our outstanding artists of prose and poetry can be counted quite literally on the fingers of one hand. Even the best of them seem uncomfortable with the major theses of life and death.
(49)Most of us deny it, sincerely no doubt, but we are envious of the young; we were, after all, so close to having the same freedoms and so near to their new world. We are envious of something else: time and time again it has been the young who have led the way in attacking a war that many of us also believe is wrong. Older and better equipped to protest, more of us should have taken the initiative.
But the revolutionaries among us, political or cultural, are a minority; reform, not revolution, is our aim. (50)As a generation, we are distinguished by our lack of anger: Circled by fury, we are the unfurious; surround- ed by passion, we are the dispassionate. Most of us by this time have made a commitment to the kind of coun- try we want to live in. Still, it is a commitment based on reason; we are appalled, all of us, by the automatic reflexes of those younger or older than we are. Detached, observed always by that invisible third eye, we still find it impossible to deliver ourselves completely to slogans and ideologies.

【正确答案】[标准译文] 上世纪50年代,美国是一个可以工作也正在工作的地方,这使得我们可以在和平安全的环境下长大,可算得上是一种奢侈。我们不必像我们的先辈或后辈那样,为国而战或为国捐躯。
【答案解析】[意群划分] In the’50s,/America seemed both workable and working,/which allowed US the luxury of growing up in peace and security:/Unlike those who preceded/or those who followed US./we were notexpected to fight or die for our country.
[理解难点] which引导非限制性定语从句。冒号之后的内容为同位语部分,其中包含两个修饰those的who引导的定语从句。workable and working指可以工作又正在工作。
[表达难点] the luxury of growing up in…指“在……氛围和环境中逐渐成长对主人公来说是件奢侈的事情”;翻译which从句时,将luxury提出,转化为状语,对从句进行概括,译为“……可谓是一种奢侈”。
【正确答案】[标准译文] 对我们来说,酷就是全部;我们以优秀的批评家自居并以此为荣,甚至我们也批评自己,仿佛我们有第三只眼睛,不是用来观察外界,而是关注自身。
【答案解析】[意群划分] For us,coolness was all;/we prided ourselves on/being excellent critics,even 0f ourselves./as if we had a third eye / looking in rather than out.
[理解难点] coolness was all指“酷即为一切”,prided ourselves on意为“为自己是……而骄傲”。as if意为“好像,仿佛”,引导方式状语从句,从句中含虚拟语气。looking in rather than out理解为“不是用来观察外界,而是关注自身”。
[表达难点] 翻译being excellent critics时,可以二次提炼,从“作为优秀的批评家”的客观性,升级到“以优秀的批评家自居”的主观性,增译“以……自居”体现我们的coolness“酷”,这种酷劲又与之后looking in rather thanout“不是用来观察外界,而是关注自身”的主观性自然衔接。prided ourselves on…译为“引以为豪/以此为荣”四字结构,可使译文更精炼。
【正确答案】[标准译文] 怀疑精神是优秀新闻工作者的品质——我们这一代产生了数不胜数的优秀新闻工作者,但怀疑精神对小说家或诗人来说却是致命的,因为他们必须有坚强的信念才能进行创作。
【答案解析】[意群划分] Skeptical vision is a quality of the good journalist--/and our generation has produced/an extraordinary number of good journalists/but it is usually fatal/to the novelist or poet,/who must have conviction/in order to create。
[理解难点] 破折号后面的内容是对Skeptical vision…good journalist的进一步阐述说明。and表示与主句为顺承关系,but表明话锋一转。who引导定语从句修饰the novelist or poet。…is fatal to…意为“……对……来说是致命的,灾难性的”。conviction意为“深信,坚定的信仰”。
[表达难点] Skeptical vision…good journalist如直译,结构是“怀疑的眼光是……的品质”,由于“眼光是品质”显得逻辑牵强,可意译为“怀疑精神是……的品质”。翻译who引导的定语从句时,考生应注意到从句实际上说明了it is fatal to the novelist or poet的原因,可增译连词“因为”连接原因状语句。
【正确答案】[标准译文] 我们嫉妒年轻的一代,虽然我们大多数人毫无疑问会否认这点。毕竟,我们曾经离年轻的一代正享有的自由和新世界是那样的近。
【答案解析】[意群划分]Most of US deny it,/sincerely no doubt,/but we are envious of the young;/we were,after all,so close to having the same freedoms/and so near to their new world.
[理解难点] sincerely no doubt为双重副词修饰动词deny,意为“由衷地,毫无疑问地”。are envious of意为“嫉妒,羡慕”;the same freedoms中freedom为可数名词,意为“自由(权)”。
[表达难点] Most of us…the young,由于it指代we are envious of the young这一事实,逻辑上应先有事实,之后才能予以否认,所以翻译时需要进行结构重组,先译事实部分,可译为“我们嫉妒年轻的一代”;再译否认事实部分,译为“虽然我们大多数人毫无疑问会否认这点”。
【正确答案】[标准译文] 作为一代人,我们的特征是缺乏愤怒:我们被愤怒环绕,自己却不愤怒;我们被冲动狂热包围,自己却心平气和。
【答案解析】[意群划分] As a generation,/we are distinguished by our lack of anger:/Circled by fury./we are the unfuriOus;/surrounded by passion,/we are the dispassionate.
[理解难点] Circled by…和surrounded by两句是对our lack of anger的诠释,句式工整;其中fury与the unfurious“愤怒”与“不愤怒”相对,passion与the dispassionate“热情”与“冷漠”相对。be distinguished by意为“以……为特征”,注意区别于be distinguished from“与……不同”。Circled和surrounded也都表示“环绕,包围”。
[表达难点] we are distinguished by…直译是“我们以缺乏愤怒为特征”,不符合中文习惯,可意译为“我们的特征是缺乏愤怒”。考生翻译Circled by…和surrounded by两句,应继承原句句式工整和词义相对的特点。