单选题 It was late on an August afternoon, the air hot and heavy like it usually was in the rainy season. Earlier we'd seen some thunderheads near the Burnt Spring Hills, but they'd passed way up to the north. I'd mostly finished my chores for the day and was heading down to the pasture with my brother, Buster, and my sister, Helen, to bring the cows in for their milking. But when we got there, those girls were acting all bothered. Instead of milling around at the gate, like they usually did at milking time, they were standing stiff-legged and straight-tailed, twitching their heads around, listening.
Buster and Helen looked up at me, and without a word, I knelt down and pressed my ear to the hard-packed dirt. There was a rumbling, so faint and low that you felt it more than you heard it. Then I knew what the cows knew—a flash flood was coming.
I figured we best bolt, too, so I grabbed Helen and Buster by the hand. By then I could feel the ground rumbling through my shoes. I saw the first water sluicing through the lowest part of the pasture, and I knew we didn't have time to make it to higher ground ourselves. In the middle of the field was an old cottonwood tree, broad-branched and gnarled, and we ran for that.
Helen stumbled, so Buster grabbed her other hand, and we lifted her off the ground and carried her between us as we ran. When we reached the cottonwood, I pushed Buster up to the lowest branch, and he pulled Helen into the tree behind him. I shimmied up and wrapped my arms around Helen just as a wall of water, about six feet high and pushing rocks and tree limbs in front of it, slammed into the cottonwood, dousing all three of us. The tree shuddered and bent over so far that you could hear wood cracking, and some lower branches were torn off. I feared it might be uprooted, but the cottonwood held fast and so did we, our arms locked as a great rush of caramel-colored water, filled with bits of wood and the occasional matted gopher and tangle of snakes, surged beneath us, spreading out across the lowland and seeking its level.
We just sat there in that cottonwood tree watching for about an hour. The sun started to set over the Burnt Spring Hills, turning the high clouds crimson and sending long purple shadows eastward. The water was still flowing beneath us, and Helen said her arms were getting tired. She was only seven and was afraid she couldn't hold on much longer.
Buster, who was nine, was perched up in the big fork of the tree. I was ten, the oldest, and I took charge, telling Buster to trade places with Helen so she could sit upright without having to cling too hard. A little while later, it got dark, but a bright moon came out and we could see just fine. From time to time we all switched places so no one's arms would wear out. The bark was chafing my thighs, and Helen's, too. About halfway through the night, Helen's voice started getting weak.
"I can't hold on any longer," she said.
"Yes, you can," I told her. "You can because you have to. " We were going to make it, I told them. I knew we would make it because I could see it in my mind. I could see us walking up the hill to the house tomorrow morning, and I could see Mom and Dad running out. It would happen—but it was up to us to make it happen.
To keep Helen and Buster from drifting off to sleep and falling out of the cottonwood, I grilled them on their multiplication tables. When we'd run through those, I went on to presidents and state capitals, then word definitions, word rhymes, and whatever else I could come up with, snapping at them if their voices faltered, and that was how I kept Helen and Buster awake through the night.
By first light, you could see that the water still covered the ground. In most places, a flash flood drained away after a couple of hours, but the pasture was in bottomland near the river, and sometimes the water remained for days. But it had stopped moving and had begun seeping down through the sinkholes and mudflats.
"We made it," I said.
I figured it would be safe to wade through the water, so we scrambled out of the cottonwood tree. We were so stiff from holding on all night that our joints could scarcely move, and the mud kept sucking at our shoes, but we got to dry land as the sun was coming up and climbed the hill to the house just the way I had seen it.

单选题 We learned from the first two paragraphs that
[A] the cows were more sensitive to the flash flood.
[B] Helen was more sensitive to the flash flood.
[C] Helen was scared when they met.
[D] the cows were scared when seeing us.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】推断题。由原文第一段内容可知,作者干完杂活之后带着弟弟妹妹去牧场挤牛奶,走到牧场时,发现牛的表现异常,原文中的“geris”指的是母牛。通过牛的异常表现,作者才意识到山洪就要来临了,所以“母牛对山洪更敏感”,答案为[A]。[B]“海伦对山洪更敏感”,而原文中母牛先于三个孩子觉察出山洪即将暴发,排除。[C]“当他们见面的时候,海伦很害怕”,而原文指的是牛很害怕,排除。[D]“当看到我们的时候,牛很害怕”,原文中牛害怕的原因是觉察出山洪即将来临,排除。
单选题 Which of the following in the passage can NOT indicate the destructive power of the flash flood?
[A] Shimmied. [B] Slammed into.
[C] Dousing. [D] Sluicing.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】推断题。本题考查的是原文中哪一个词表达不出山洪的破坏性。由原文第四段中的“I shimmied up and wrapped my arms around Hellene...”可知,shimmied“摇晃”是指作者爬树时的动作,因此答案为[A]。[B]slammed into,意为“猛烈撞击”,形容山洪来势汹汹,破坏力强,故排除。[C]dousing意为“把……浸入水中”,能表达出山洪的迅猛,排除。[D]sluicing意为“冲泄,开闸放水”,形容山洪势不可挡,排除。
单选题 What did "I" NOT do to keep Buster and Helen safe?
[A] Exchanging places. [B] Encouraging them.
[C] Shouting to them. [D] Telling stories.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】细节题。由原文第六段至第九段可知。为了能安全渡过此次山洪,本文作者即姐姐勇敢地担当起了照顾弟弟妹妹的责任。为了不使大家的手臂过度疲劳,姐姐令大家互换位置;为了使大家坚持下去,她鼓励弟弟妹妹,给他们希望;为了使弟弟妹妹保持清醒而不致于掉下大树,姐姐想尽了各种办法使他们保持清醒。而原文中没有提到讲故事,因此答案为[D]。由原文第六段中“From time to time we all switched places so no one’s arms would wear out.”可知,[A]“互换位置”,符合原文,排除。由原文第八段可知,[B]“鼓励他们”,符合原文,排除。[C]“大声对他们说话”,符合原文中第九段提到的“grilled”和“snapping at them”,排除。
单选题 The heroine was described as being all the following EXCEPT
[A] strong-minded. [B] intelligent.
[C] responsible. [D] compassionate.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】推断题。本题考查文中女主人公的性格特点。通过本文讲述的故事可以看出,即使在灾难面前,女主人公也没有惊慌失措,而是立即带领弟弟妹妹奔向安全的地方,可见她很镇静,非常有主见;同时她也很清楚自己该怎样做,可见很聪明;再者,她一直非常坚信会战胜困难.见到父母;从文中女主人公对弟弟妹妹的照顾可以看出她很有责任心。而文中并没有任何地方体现出女主人公的compassionate“同情心”,故答案为[D]。[A]strong-minded意为“有主见的”,符合原文对主人公的描述,排除。[B]intelligent意为“聪明”,符合原文的描述.排除。[C]responsible!意为“负责任的”,符合原文描述,排除。
单选题 What is the theme of the story?
[A] The technique of surviving in a natural disaster.
[B] Love among the siblings in face of a natural disaster.
[C] The destructivity of a flash flood.
[D] The intimacy among the family members.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】主旨题。本题考查对原文的整体把握。本文通过山洪暴发的场景着重刻画了姐姐带领弟弟妹妹一起渡过难关的故事。因此答案为[B]“自然灾害面前的手足之情”。[A]面临自然灾难时的生存技巧,而原文重在描述三个孩子互相帮助,渡过难关的场景,此项说法较为片面,且不是文章重点,排除。[C]“山洪的破坏力”,文中虽然表述了山洪来势汹汹,但是这只是衬托女主人公在灾难面前所表现出来的沉着冷静,因此比较片面,排除。[D]“家庭成员问的密切关系”,不够确切,排除。