单选题
Passage 6
In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. Firstly, there are those words {{U}}(1) {{/U}} which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we {{U}}(2) {{/U}} , that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our familiar associates, and {{U}}(3) {{/U}} we should know and use even if we could not read or write. They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who {{U}}(4) {{/U}} the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people at large and are not the exclusive possession of a limited class.
On the other hand, our language {{U}}(5) {{/U}} a multitude of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little {{U}}(6) {{/U}} to use them at home or in the marketplace. Our first acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's {{U}}(7) {{/U}} or from the talk of our schoolmates, but from books that we read, lectures that we {{U}}(8) {{/U}} , or the more formal conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular {{U}}(9) {{/U}} in style appropriately elevated above the habitual level of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the {{U}}(10) {{/U}} between them and "popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】所填之词应该与后面的acquainted搭配。be acquainted with是固定搭配，意为“认识……人，熟悉……事”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】imitate意为“模仿”；stimulate意为“刺激”；study意为“(带有研究性的)学习”；learn意为“(一般性的)学习”。所填之词应该与后面的from搭配，只有learn可以。learn from意为“从……吸取……，向……学习”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本句话同前面的句子一样，都是非限定性定语从句，所以只能选用which。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】speak意为“说话，讲(语言)”；practice意为“实践，练习”；say意为“说，讲话”；apply意为“应用，申请”。所填之词的宾语是language，所以应该选用speak。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】exclude意为“排斥”；include意为“包括”；comprise意为“组成”；evolve意为“逐渐发展”。所填之词的宾语是words，所以选用C、D不对；如用A则正好与句意相反。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】way意为“方法，路线”，可数名词：prospect意为“希望，期望”，不可数名词；necessity意为“必要性，需要”，可数名词；occasion意为“机会，时机”，不可数名词。根据前面的little可知，所填之词是不可数名词，所以选用A、C不对：选用B不合句子的意思。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】from mother's lips是习惯用法，意为“妈妈亲口讲的……”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】hear意为“听说，听到”；listen意为“听，听从”；hear of意为“听说……”；attend to意为“专心，注意”。所填之词的宾语是lecture，所以选用B、D不对；选用C也不合句子的意思。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】question意为“问题”；theme意为“主题”；topic意为“话题”；problem意为“难题”。根据前面句子中的formal conversation of highly educated speakers可知，选用A、B、D都不对。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】comparison意为“比较”；contrast意为“对照”；similarity意为“相同”；distinction意为“区别”。根据句子可知，本句话讲的是单词之间的差别，所以应该选用distinction。