单选题
Urbanization and Its Influence

Over half the world"s people now live in cities. The latest "Global Report on Human Settlements" says a significant change took place last year. The report 1 this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.
A century ago, 2 than five percent of all people lived in cities. 3 the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or 4 six and a half billion people.
Already three-fourths of people in 5 countries live in cities. Now most urban population 6 is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress, but also put 7 on cities to provide housing and 8 . The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move 9 cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities, 10 by social divisions and differences in 11 , could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl (无序扩展的城区). This is where cities 12 quickly into rural areas, sometimes 13 a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the 14 cities to smaller ones. He sees a 15 toward "de-urbanization" across the nation.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] come out:出版、发表。come on:开始、接着来。come over:过来、顺便来访。come off:结果、脱落。根据句子意思,应该是发表报告,所以选D。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 句意为:一个世纪前,城市人口应该是非常少,所以选less,即少于5%。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] along:沿着。through:通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by,by the middle of this century,在本世纪中叶。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] barely:几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数,用almost,意思是“差不多”。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 前面应该是和后面的比较,后面用developing world,所以此处填developed。flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的。thriving:旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的。fertile:肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 从上下文判断,这儿指城市人口的增加。extension:扩展。raise:上升、增加,它不和population搭配使用。addition:添加、增加,不可用来修饰人口。所以选growth。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] put pressure on是固定搭配,表示“给压力”。restraint:约束、抑制。load:承载、负荷。weight:重量。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 此处指提供住所和服务,即services。surroundings:环境、生活环境。concerns:关注、关心。communities:社区、团体。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] move into是正确的搭配。around:围绕、环绕。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 贫富差异会使社会产生进一步的不公平,所以用driven,和后面的by构成被动语态。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 此处指社会财富分配的不均,social wealth意思是“社会财富”。situation:情景。treasure:财宝、珍宝。category:分类、范畴。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本句意思指城市的扩张,用expand恰当。invade:入侵、侵略。split:分裂;enlarge:扩大、放大。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 表示速度用at the rate of。beyond:超过、超越。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 在逆城市化的进程中,人们从大城市搬往小城市,四个单词中只有major表示“重要的、大的”。essential:基本的、本质的。primitive:原始的、粗糙的。prior和to搭配,表示“在……之前”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势,trend意思正确。direction:指示、方向。style:风格。