问答题 The key position and role of women in the process of development is increasingly being recognized. Although the three great World Conferences of Women were more concerned with recognizing and compiling approaches to emancipation we can currently confirm a general sharpening of awareness. 21 It has become clear that the Third World cultures have been weakened in this respect by the methods of colonial education which are almost exclusively directed towards the male. Of the many criticisms of this situation let one voice be heard: "Development education groups and programs are very much male dominated and lack woman"s perspective." So, too, the hopes placed in vocational training as an aid to equality have been disappointed since this in its turn was to large extent focused on male.
22 In these circumstances we should not be surprised that until now women have participated least in the educational processes which have been introduced. Only 20% attend primary school and the percentage of those who leave early is highest among girls. Because of the lack of basic training only around 10% take part in Adult Education programs. Hence it is vitally important to secure a turning point by increasing the awareness of the need for education.
The International Conference at Jomtien in 1990 provided the solution to this: "A more educated mother raises a healthier family. She has fewer and better-educated children. She is more productive at home and in the workplace and is better able to get further education." 23 Many problems in school are consequences of incorrect or improperly balanced nutrition combined with inadequate hygiene. Together these factors can lead to failure to keep pace in school.
24 Hence even primary education for girls should be directed towards the basic needs and necessities and provide answers which are as simple as possible. In rural districts such answers will be different from those given in urban areas. The education of girls and women must to a large degree be an education for the life they will lead, tailored to a woman"s position. In saying this we are in fact demanding that the education of women, like all educational work in the Third World, should be an integrated part of the community. Consequently there are many partners in this process school, family, small businesses, governmental and non-governmental organizations. The educational skill consists in keeping this interplay active in such a way that there is no deficiency in material content. 25 An important consequence of this is the awakening of the desire to question, which, on the one band presses for further education and on the other hand for its practical application.