【正确答案】正确答案：This theory was formally proposed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson in their book Relevance-. Communication and Cognition in 1986. They argue that all Gricean maxims, including the CP itself, should be reduced to a single principle of relevance, which is defined as; Every act of ostensive communication communicates the presumption of its own optimal relevance.(4 points) To understand this definition, we need to be clear about the key notions in it; "ostensive communication" and "presumption of optimal relevance".(1 point) From the speaker"s side, communication should be seen as an act of making clear one"s intention to express something. They call this act as ostensive act.(3 points) By "presumption of optimal relevance" is meant; (a)The set of assumptions{I}, which the communicator intends to make manifest to the addressee, is relevant enough to make it worth the addressee"s time to process the ostensive stimulus.(2 points) (b)The ostensive stimulus is the most relevant one the communicator could have used to communicate{I}.(2 points)

【答案解析】解析：考查关联理论。关联理论可以简化为关联原则。关联原则的定义是：每一个明示交际行为都传递一种假定：该行动本身具备最佳关联性。为了理解这个定义，我们需要搞清楚其中的关键概念：“明示交际行为”和“最佳关联假定”。从说话人方面讲，交际应该被看成一种表明自身说话意图的行为，这种行为被称为“明示行为”。而最佳关联假定则包括两个方面。