【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[听力原文]1-10 W: Good afternoon. This is Radio Today. Now we have Mr Miller here, who, with his colleagues, has recently made a survey on children's attitudes to different jobs. Mr Miller, please. M: Thank you. W: Well, we heard some people just now who seem to feel that other people have a wrong idea about the work they do. Do you think this sort of thing is very widespread? M: Oh, absolute]y. Most jobs or professions seem to have an image or a stereotype attached to them, often much to the irritation of the job-holders. But there is a serious point to all this, too, that maybe young people actually choose their careers under the influence of these false images. And certainly, there is evidence that they may even avoid certain careers because they have a negative image. Well, on a large scale, as you can imagine, this could cause problem for whole sectors of the economy. W: Er, you say there's evidence? M: Oh, most definitely. There was a survey recently into children's attitudes to different professions. W: How was that done, though? Because, after all, children don't know much about the world of work before they get into it. M: Well, exactly. What the investigators wanted to get was their impressions and their prejudices. They used a very simple technique. They gave the children twelve pairs of statements. In each pair one statement was positive, the other was its opposite. W: For example? M: Well, for example, "Such and such a person is likely to be boring or interesting company." W: I see. What professions did they ask about? M: [Laugh] Do you want the whole list? W: Well, why not? M: OK. Here goes. They looked at physicists, lawyers, economists, accountants, sales representatives, estate agents, biologists, and three types of engineer -- mechanical engineers, electrical and civil. The children were asked to say which if the statements was "most true" about each profession. W: And the results? M: Well, they were rather striking concerning one profession in particular, the poor old engineer. Of all the jobs mentioned, he came out really much worse than you might expect. The vast majority of children (90% in the case of the mechanical engineer), thought that engineering was a "dirty job". They also thought the job was of "low status" and "subordinate"; that is, the engineer is more likely to take orders than to give them. Oh, and insecure too. The only other person they thought more likely to actually lose his job was the sales representative. But, I must say there were good points too. Engineering was seen to be "interesting, well paid" work. W: Hmm, not such a rosy picture, really. M: No... but it got better when the children were asked about how they imagined the engineer as a person. The majority of the children chose positive comments, except that they thought the engineer was likely to be badly rather than well dressed. [Laugh] W: Well, what about the other professions then? Er ... what came out favorite, for example? M: Oh, the lawyer without doubt. He collected by far the greatest number of positive opinions. The sales representative and then the estate agent were right at the bottom. W: Oh, so the engineers weren't right down there? M: Oh no! The children's ratings put them just above the poor old sales representative all bunched together. Probably the children don't have that much of an idea of their real work. I think they... [Laugh] they went by the titles, really, since civil engineer came out top, perhaps the suggestion of the name? W: Oh, I see. You mean that he was a... a more civilized sort of chap than the others? M: [Laugh] Yes, right. Reasonable sounding, isn't it? W: Yes. Quite sensible, I suppose. And I imagine the mechanical engineer came out bottom? M: Absolutely right. In fact 90% of the children associated him with dirty work, as against 76% for the electrical engineer and 68% for the civil engineer. W: And the other professions? M: Well, after the lawyer came the accountant, then the scientist, the physicist first. The economist came just above the engineers. Funnily enough, he was the only one that the majority of children felt would be gloomy rather than cheerful. W: A real sign of the times, that. M: Yes. But I still think the most serious implication of the survey was the children's apparent ignorance of the importance of the engineer's role in society. W: Hmm. M: After all, in most other European countries to be an engineer is to be somebody. And I imagine that this means that many bright children, who might really enjoy the profession and do well in it, probably never consider it, which is a great pity for the country as a whole. We do need good engineers after all. W: Thank you very much, Mr Miller. Tomorrow afternoon at the same time please listen to Radio Today. 节目的第一个话轮中女士(主持人)即指出：... Mr Miller... has recently made a survey on children's attitudes to jobs，这就是节目采访Mr Miller的原因。而由这一句及后面的对话可知，这是一种社会学领域的调查，因此题句是正确的。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】在第二个话轮中，男士的第二句话指出：Most jobs or professions... to the job-holders，即人们对大部分工作或者职业都有错误的印象或者陈旧的观念，题句中用的则是all professions or jobs，因此不正确。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】第二个话轮中，男士的第三句话指出：... that maybe young people actually choose their careers under the influence of these false images，即这些错误的印象会影响年轻人，他们可能会按照这种错误的印象去选择职业，这与题句的意思是一致的。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】由题目提示和第一个话轮中女士提到的on children's attitudes to different jobs及第四个话轮后的对话内容(尤其是这个话轮中男士的第二句：What the investigators... and their prejudices)可知，调查的是孩子们对于不同职业的印象，而不是他们想干什么工作，因此题句是错误的。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】题句对应于第四个话轮中男士的第三句：They gave the children twelve pairs of statements，即给孩子们12对句子，因此题句是正确的。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】本题考查的是对表达的理解。在第六个话轮中女士询问调查中有哪些职业，男士笑着问她是不是想知道全部名单；而在第七个话轮中女士用why not反问，表明自己就是想知道全部名单，并且在这一话轮中男士详细说明了调查中问及的10种职业，因此题句是正确的。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】在第八个话轮中，男士的第三句话指出：The vast majority of... was a "dirty job"，即绝大部分孩子认为工程学、有90%的孩子认为机械工程师是一种“脏兮兮的工作”。题句中的electrical engineer与这一句中的mechanical engineer不符，因此是错误的。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】在对话的第十四个话轮中，男士在提到经济学家这一职业时指出：he was the only one... rather than cheerful，即绝大多数孩子认为经济学家的前景暗淡，由此可以推知孩子们当然不会选择它来作为自己的职业，题句是正确的。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】在第十一个话轮中，男士认为孩子们对真正的工作没有概念的原因是：... they went by the titles... perhaps the suggestion of the name，与题句的意思是一致的。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】在最后一个话轮中男士的第一句话明确指出：in most other European countries... to be some body，即在大多数欧洲国家中工程师都是个人物，也就是说这一职业很重要，题句正好与此相反，因此错误。