In literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode or method that attempts to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. The term was coined by William James in 1890 in his The Principles of Psychology, and in 1918 the novelist May Sinclair first applied the term stream of consciousness in a literary context when discussing Dorothy Richardson's novels. Pointed Roofs (1915), the first work in Richardson's series of semi-autobiographical novels titled Pilgrimage is the first complete stream of consciousness novel published in English.