单选题
Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay

Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest is an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny disposition were less likely to fall ill.
The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a "positive emotional style" can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses. Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective as in happiness boosting immune function and subjective as in happy people being less troubled by a scratchy throat or runny nose.
"People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus," explained lead study author Dr. Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. "And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe."
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible to catching a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional trait itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality traits, self-perceived health and emotional "style". Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and hostile had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, sneezing or congestion they had, while the researchers collected objective data, like daily mucus production. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal woes, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
单选题 According to a study author, when people with a positive emotional style do get a cold, they may think ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 答案参见第三段第二句:当他们的确患感冒时,他们认为病情并不太严重。
单选题 People with a positive emotional style may have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 选项A、C、D在第五段第二句均有提到,只有B项未提及;此外从常识推断,情绪乐观的人绝不会是“自私自利”的人。
单选题 Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics that people with a negative emotional style may have?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 选项A、B、D在第五段第二句均有提到,而C项“热情洋溢”不属于情绪低落、消极的人所应有的性格特征。
单选题 How did the researchers test their volunteers?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 答案参见第六段第一句,研究者给这些志愿者一些含有感冒病毒或某种流感病毒的滴鼻剂。
单选题 Which of the following items is NOT included in the data that the researchers collected?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 选项A、B、C在第六段第二句均有提到,只有D项未提及。