【正确答案】正确答案：The structure of the following sentences should be; The horse(that was raced past the barn)fell. The florist(who was sent the flowers)was pleased. The cotton(from which clothing is made)grows in Mississippi. They told the story to the boy(that the girl met).(4 points) This phenomenon concerning certain ambiguous sentences is called the "garden path". Garden path sentences are sentences that are initially interpreted with a different structure than they actually have.(2 points)It typically takes quite a long time to figure out what the other structure is if the first choice turns out to be incorrect. Some times people never figure it out. They have been "led up to the garden path" , fooled into thinking the sentence has a different structure than it has. Reduced relative clauses quite frequently cause this feeling of having been garden-pathed. This garden-path phenomenon suggests that for at least some ambiguities, people try one analysis of an ambiguous sequence of words first, and only become aware of the other possibility when one tried first does not work.(4 points)

【答案解析】解析：考查花园小径现象。“花园小径”现象是句子理解过程中一种特殊的局部歧义现象。花园小径句就是那些实际的解释不同于我们一开始所想的结构的句子。如果证明开始的选择是错误的，就要花相当长的一段时间来找出另外一种结构，有时甚至永远也找不出来，他们“被引到花园小径中去”了，被“骗”去思索句子的另外一种结构，而非其表面上所显示的。降级关系从句经常使人有这种走入花园小径的感觉。