单选题
Humans are unique in the extent to which they can reflect on themselves and others. Humans are able to (1) , to think in abstract terms, to reflect on the future. A meaningless, (2) world is an insecure world. We do not like extensive insecurity. When it (3) to human behavior we infer meaning and (4) to make the behavior understandable. What all this means is that people develop "quasi theories" of human behavior, that is, theories that are not developed in an objective, scientific (5) . When doing so, people believe they know (6) humans do the things they do. Let's consider an example. In the United States people have been (7) with the increasing amount of crime for several years. The extent of crime bothers us; we ourselves could be (8) But what also bothers us is that people behave in such ways. Why can such things happen? We develop quasi theories. We (9) concerned about the high crime rate, but we now believe we (10) it: our criminal justice system is (11) ; people have grown selfish and inconsiderate as our moral values (12) from the influence of liberal ideas; too many people are (13) drugs. These explanations suggest possible solutions. (14) the courts; put more people in jail as (15) to other lawbreakers. There is hope that the problem of crime can be solved if only we (16) these solutions. Again, the world is no longer meaningless nor (17) so threatening. These quasi theories (18) serve a very important function for us. But how accurate are they? How (19) will the suggested solutions be? These questions must be answered (20) how people normally go about developing or attaining their quasi theories of human behavior.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本文主要讲述人们对问题的思考能力,又根据该句中的并列成分“to think in abstract terms,to reflect on the future”,可知答案为reason,意为“推理”。[A]understand需要加宾语才符合语法;[C]meditate“深思,默想”,常跟on或upon引出宾语;[D]reckon“预料,料想”,常后跟that引出宾语从句。
【答案解析】能与in搭配的选项只有[C]和[D]。manner意为“方式,风格”,in an objective,scientific manner意为“以客观、科学的方式”;[D]approach意为“方法,途径”,较manner更具有动态含义。其他选项不合用法。[A]means意为“手段,方法”,常与by搭配,如:by this means“以此方式”;[B]medium“媒介物;手段”,常与by或through搭配。
【答案解析】上句提出解决犯罪问题的几种做法,这句指出只要人们按照上述解决办法去做,犯罪的问题就会得以解决,act on the solutions意为“按照解决办法做”,其他选项不合文意。[A]see to“保证,确保”;[B]work out“解决某问题”;[D]come up with“想出主意等”。
【答案解析】要想回答准理论的准确性和成效问题,就必须考虑人们提出这些理论的通常做法。根据文意,选[A],with respect to意为“关于;就……而言”,其他选项不合文意。[B]as a result of“作为……的结果”;[C]on behalf of“代表”;[D]in line with“与……一致”。