Going hungry is a major contributor to ill health, particularly among children, and a new report reveals how long-lasting the damage can be. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the University of Calgary performed the first longterm study on the【C1】______of hunger on general health,【C2】______children from birth to 21 years. Most studies to date have【C3】______only snapshots of childhood health,【C4】______the short-term impact of hunger【C5】______a period of time. In the new analysis, the scientists found that children who went hungry at least once in their lives were 2i-times more likely to have【C6】______overall health 10 to 15 years later, compared with those who never had to【C7】______food. "Our research shows that hunger and food insecurity are really damaging【C8】______children"s life chances," says lead author Sharon Kirkpatrick, a visiting fellow at NCI. The study supports earlier findings that【C9】______episodes of hunger are more likely to cause ill health than an isolated experience of starvation: children in Kirkpatrick"s analysis who experienced two or more periods of hunger were more than four times as likely to report ill health than those who never went hungry. The relationship, she says, remained strong even after the team accounted【C10】______other factors that could influence health, such as age, sex and household characteristics like income. 【C11】______one experience of hunger can have lasting effects on a child"s health, a fact that is especially troubling in light of the sobering rise in U.S. households that were【C12】______to do without food in 2008: 15% of American families reported some【C13】______in the amount or quality of food they consumed,【C14】______from 11% the previous year. 15 this study did not probe into the【C16】______mechanism by which hunger affects long-term health, Kirkpatrick【C17】______that both psychological and physiological factors may be at work. Aside from the obvious negative impact that missing key nutrients and calories can have on growth and development, she says, the psychological【C18】______of food insecurity—not being able to afford a【C19】______and high-quality source of food—can be【C20】______to youngsters as well.
【答案解析】解析：空格前指出“研究显示饥饿和食品危机危害非常大”，根据上下文语义可判断空格后的children’s life chances应为受到damaging的对象。故选D项in terms of“就……而言，在……方面”。
单选题
【C9】
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析：空格所在句的than表明其前后成分为对比，than后面为an isolated experience，相对应的episodes of hunger应为多次的状况，并能对应冒号后用于进一步解释本句的two ormore periods of hunger。故选D项multiple“多个的”。
【答案解析】解析：a fact指代前半句one experience…on a child’s health(一次饥饿的经历也会对孩子的健康带来持久的影响)，而空格所在的that从句则修饰U．S．households的定语从句，描述这些家庭的性质。对于任何一个家庭，do without food(挨饿)都是不得已的事情，故选D项forced“被迫”。
单选题
【C13】
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】解析：本句位于冒号后用于进一步解释主句中所提到的U．S．households．．．to do withoutfood(很多美国家庭……挨饿)，意味着他们不得不减少食物数量和质量，故选B项compromise“妥协”。
【答案解析】解析：从空格后的从句引导词by which可知句子讨论的是“饥饿以何种机制对健康造成长期影响”。空格处形容词应能和后半句psychological and physiological factors这两种因素呼应，说明饥饿是以一种特定的方式长期影响健康。A项specific“特有的”符合语义。