【正确答案】正确答案：Systemic Functional Grammar, developed by M. A. K. Halliday, is a socially oriented functional linguistic approach and one of the most influential linguistic theories in the twentieth century. It consists of two inseparable components; systemic grammar and functional grammar.(1 point) Systemic grammar aims to explain the internal relations in language as a system network, or meaning potential. And this network consists of subsystems from which language users make choices. Functional grammar aims to reveal that language is a means of social interaction, based on the position that language system and the forms that make it up are inescapably determined by the uses or functions which they serve.(2 points) Systemic Functional Grammar is based on two facts; a)Language users are actually making choices in a system of language and trying to realize different semantic functions in social interaction; b)Language is inseparable from social activities of human beings.(2 points) Systemic Functional Grammar takes actual uses of language as the object of study, in opposition to Chomsky"s TG Grammar that takes the ideal speaker"s linguistic competence as the object of study. One point to notice is that it takes clause as the basic unit.(1 point)

【答案解析】解析：考查系统功能语法。韩礼德的系统功能语法是一种具有社会学倾向的功能语言学方法，是二十世纪最具影响力的语言学理论之一。系统功能语法包含两部分：系统语法和功能语法。系统语法的目的是要说明语言作为系统的内部底层关系，它是与意义相关联的可供人们不断选择的若干子系统组成的系统网络，又称“意义潜势”。功能语法的目的是要说明语言是社会交往的手段，其基础是语言系统及其成分由它们的作用或功能所决定。系统功能语法的建立基于这两个事实：a)语言使用者在语言的系统中进行选择，并试图在社会交往中实现不同的语义功能；b)语言和人类的社会活动紧密联系，不可分离。系统功能语法把实际使用的语言现象作为研究对象，而不是像乔姆斯基的转化生成语法那样把理想化的语言使用者的语言能力作为研究对象，有一点需要指出的就是它以小句作为研究的基本单位。