单选题 When you get interrupted in the middle of something, it can be hard to regain your train of thought, which can be annoying. But when you're interrupted while measuring medication for patients, the consequences can be more serious. A new study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine finds that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when interrupted while dosing out medication, nurses are more likely to make mistakes. Researchers at the University of Sydney studied 98 nurses while they prepared and administered medications to more than 4,000 patients in almost 1.5 years. For a total of 505 hours during this period, investigators noted any interruptions that nurses encountered while dealing with medication, and also tracked two types of mistakes: procedural, which included things like not reading medication labels or failing to fully read a patient chart, and clinical, which included actually giving patients the wrong dose or wrong medication. For all administrations of medication studied, researchers noted that nurses were interrupted more than half the time (53%), and researchers noted procedural errors in nearly three quarters (74.4%) of administrations, and clinical errors in a quarter of all cases. The study authors also point out that the risk for major errors increased significantly the more when nurses were interrupted and that with no interruptions, the risk for a serious mistake was 2.3%. While it's understandable that some interruptions will, of necessity, take place during a nurse's work day, the authors suggest that such high levels of interruption and the resulting increase in errors associated with them point to a need for efforts to better enable nurses to focus on the task at hand. They write: "The converging evidence of the high rate of interruptions occurring during medication preparation and administration adds impetus to the need to develop and implement strategies to improve communication practices and to reduce unnecessary interruptions within ward environments." To that end, they suggest that simple measures such as installing white boards in hospital wards to prominently display commonly needed information or having nurses wear special "do not interrupt" vests while preparing or giving patients medication, could go some distance toward minimizing mistakes. They also suggest that reconsidering how the physical space of a hospital ward is organized could play a role in reducing errors. Whatever the potential solution, the authors say that this is indeed a problem, and one that requires additional research to solve.

单选题 According to the first paragraph, when interrupted nurses become _____.

单选题 It can be learned that the research at the University of Sydney _____.

单选题 The word "impetus" (Line 5, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to _____.

单选题 It is implied in Paragraph 4 that interruptions are _____.

单选题 The measures to reduce interruptions in hospitals include _____.