Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat: when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears. The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level? A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
单选题 According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when______
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析：细节判断题。问题是“在什么情况下，人们会考虑房子和衣服”，由本文中的第一段第二句When a hungry man gets a meal…可知答案C是对的。
单选题 It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析：逻辑推断题。由本文第二段最后By the end of World War II，these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans．Then a third level appeared．It included such items as automobiles and new houses可知答案D是对的。
单选题 Which of the following is NOT related to "physical satisfaction"?
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析：逻辑推断题。由本文第三段的第三句，“物质上的满足”指的是feeding，comfort，safety，and transportation，可知答案A是对的。
单选题 What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析：细节判断题。由本文第三段第三句后半句this level stresses mental needs for recognition，achievement，and happiness可知答案B是对的。
单选题 The author tends to think that the fifth level______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析：细节判断题。文章的最后一段提到，第五个层次的需求可能更多地与社会的整体需求相关，或是对抗疾病．或是抵制犯罪，或是在个人生活中更多追求健康或者休闲时光，这些都是人们生活水平不断提高之后在精神方面的体现，是社会进步的标志，因此是比前面的几个层次更加值得我们去追求的，故答案选B。A说不会比第四个层次好，不正确；C中的the last和most satisfying没有根据；D选项在原文中没有提及。