"But I just paid $1.69 for this bottle of wine last week. How come the price is now $2.25? What's going on?" There are at least three things going on that have caused the price of wine to rise. All have to do with the supply and demand factors of economics. The first factor is that people are drinking more wine than ever before. This demand for more wine has increased overall (总体) wine sales in America at the rate of 15 percent a year. The second factor is that the supply of wine has stayed relatively the same, which means that the same number of bottles is produced each year. Wine producers are trying to open up new land to grow more grapes (葡萄). But in at least three wine-producing areas of the world—France, Germany, and California—new vineyards (葡萄园) will not be available in the near future. Wines are produced in other countries, such as Italy, Spain and Australia, but none of these countries will be able to fill the demand for good wines. The third factor is that costs of wine productions are increasing. The men who make wine are asking for more money, and the machinery needed to press the grapes is becoming more expensive. When the demand for something is greater than the supply, prices go up. When production costs, meaning the prices of labor and machinery, rise, the producer adds this increase to the price of the wine.

单选题 From the first paragraph, we know that the speaker is ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：根据题目要求定位到第一段。说话人已经知道了价格，但对价格的上涨感到不满：How come the price is now…What's going on?(为什么价格现在是……搞什么啊?)D项的complain意为“抱怨”，可见此选项符合题目要求。

单选题 The three factors mentioned in the passage cause ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：题目中提到的three factors分别出现在第二至五段。第二段是总起段，其中第一句谈到，至少有三个方面(three things)导致了葡萄酒的价格上升(the price of wine to rise)。这里的three things就是题目中的three factors，B项的go up与文中的rise同义，故为正确答案。，

单选题 The supply of wine has remained the same partly because ______.

A、 wine-producing countries are unwilling to increase their production
B、 new vineyards will not be opened up in such countries as Australia
C、 countries like Italy and Spain can't supply enough good wines
D、 the production of wine bottles has ceased to increase

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】解析：根据题目中的supply和the same定位到第四段第一句。该句谈到了葡萄酒的产量稳定，接下来几句说明了造成这种情况的两个原因：一是世界主要产酒地——法国、德国和加利福尼亚没有新葡萄园可供开发(will not be available in the near future)；二是像意大利、西班牙、澳大利亚等其他国家虽然也都生产葡萄酒，却不能满足人们对优质葡萄酒的需求(none…will be able to fill the demand)。可见，C项的表述是原因之一，为正确答案。

单选题 What does "production costs" refer to in the last paragraph?

单选题 The author's purpose of writing this passage is to ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】解析：文章第一段引述消费者的话语，抱怨葡萄酒的价格上涨太快；接着作者从三个方面解释说明了葡萄酒价格上涨的原因。可见文章讨论的是葡萄酒价格上涨的因素。因此C项为作者的写作目的。