单选题 Du Bois was a sociological and educational pioneer who challenged the established system of education that tended to restrict rather than to advance the progress of black Americans. He challenged what is called the "Tuskegee machine" of Booker T. Washington, the leading educational spokesperson of the blacks in the U. S.. A sociologist and historian, Du Bois called for a more determined and activist leadership than Washington provided.
Unlike Washington, whose roots were is southern black agriculture, Du Bois"s career spanned both sides of the Mason-Dixon Line. He was a native of Massachusetts, received his undergraduate education from Fisk University in Nashville, did his graduate study at Harvard University, and directed the Atlanta University Studies of Black American Life in the South. Du Bois approached the problem of racial relations in the United States from two dimensions: as a scholarly researcher and as an activist for civil rights. Among his works was the famous empirical sociological study, The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study , in which he examined that city"s black population and made recommendations for the school system. Du Bois"s Philadelphia study was the pioneer work on urban blacks in America.
Du Bois had a long and active career as a leader in the civil rights movement. He helped to organize the Niagara Movement in 1905, which led to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), established in 1909. From 1910 until 1934, Du Bois edited The Cr/sis, the major journal of the NAACP. In terms of its educational policy, the NAACP position was that all American children and youth should have genuine equality of educational opportunity. This policy, which Du Bois helped to formulate, stressed the following themes: (1) public schooling should be free and compulsory for all American children; (2) secondary schooling should be provided for all youth; (3) higher education should not be monopolized by any special class or race.
As a leader in education, Du Bois challenged not only the tradition of racial segregation in the schools but also the accommodationist ideology of Booker T. Washington. The major difference between the two men was that Washington sought change that was evolutionary in nature and did not upset the social order, whereas Du Bois demanded immediate change. Du Bois believed in educated leadership for blacks, and he developed a concept referred to as the "talented tenth," according to which 10 percent of the black population would receive a traditional college education in preparation for leadership.

单选题 Compared with B. T. Washington, Du Bois"s political stand was

单选题 According to the text, Du Bois worked as all of the following EXCEPT

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第三段第三句“From 1910 until 1934，Du Bois edited The Crisis , the major journal of the NAACP.”可知，杜·波依斯从事过主编工作，故排除A；根据第一段首句“Du Bois was a sociological and educational pioneer who challenged...”可知，杜·波依斯是教育先驱，由此可推断出他从事过教育工作，故排除B；根据第二段第三句“Du Bois approached problem of racial relations in the United States from two dimensions: as a scholarly researcher and as an activist for civil rights.”可知，杜·波依斯从两个角度来看待美国的种族关系问题，做过学术研究者和民权活动家，故排除C；全文并未提及杜·波依斯曾做过政府官员，故选D。

单选题 It is Du Bois"s belief that

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 根据第三段第四句话“In terms of its educational policy, the NAACP position was that all American children and youth should have genuine equality of educational opportunity.”可知，在教育政策方面，全国有色人种协进会的立场是，所有的美国儿童和青年都应该拥有真正平等的受教育机会，由此可以判断，无论是黑人还是白人或者其他种族，在教育方面都没有特权，故A选项错误；第三段第五句中“This policy, which Du Bois helped... public schooling should be free and compulsory for all American children...”的schooling指的是中小学，不包括高等教育，故B选项错误；D选项的内容是华盛顿所持的观点，故排除。故选C。

单选题 Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 由最后一段第二句“The major difference... Washington sought change that was evolutionary in nature and did not upset the social order...”可知，华盛顿寻求的改变是不会扰乱社会秩序的，由此可以推断出他不赞同推翻社会秩序，故选A；根据最后一段第一句“As a leader in education, ...not only the tradition of racial segregation in the schools but also the accommodationist ideology of Booker T.Washington.”可知，选项B错误；选项C在文中没有体现；The Philadelphia Negro是研究费城黑人的书，故D选项错误。