单选题
You can’t see it, smell it, or hear it, and people disagree on how precisely to define it, or where exactly it comes from. It isn’t a school subject or an academic discipline, but it can be learned. It is a quality that is required of artists, but it is also present in the lives of scientists and entrepreneurs. All of us benefit from it and we thrive mentally and spiritually when we are able to wield it. It is a delicate thing, easily stamped out; in fact, it flourishes most fully when people are playful and childlike. Meanwhile, it works best in conjunction with deep knowledge and expertise. This mysterious—but teachable—quality is creativity, the subject of a recently-published report by Durham Commission on Creativity and Education. The report concludes that creativity should not inhabit the school curriculum only as it relates to drama, music, art and other obviously creative subjects, but that creative thinking ought to run through all of school life, infusing (充满) the way humanities and natural sciences are learned. The authors, who focus on education in England, offer a number of sensible recommendations, some of which are an attempt to alleviate the uninspiring and fact-based approach to education that has crept into policy in recent years. When children are regarded as vessels to be filled with facts, creativity does not prosper; nor does it when teachers’ sole objective is coaching children towards exams. One suggestion from the commission is a network of teacher-led "creativity collaboratives", along the lines of existing maths hubs (中心) , with the aim of supporting teaching for creativity through the school curriculum. Nevertheless, it is arts subjects through which creativity can most obviously be fostered. The value placed on them by the independent education sector is clear. One only has to look at the remarkable arts facilities at Britain’s top private schools to comprehend this. But in the state sector the excessive focus on English, maths and science threatens to crush arts subjects; meanwhile, reduced school budgets mean diminishing extracurricular activities. There has been a 28.1% decline in students taking creative subjects at high schools since 2014, though happily, art and design have seen a recent increase. This discrepancy between state and private education is a matter of social justice. It is simply wrong and unfair that most children have a fraction of the access to choirs, orchestras, art studios and drama that their more privileged peers enjoy. As lives are affected by any number of looming challenges—climate crisis, automation in the workplace—humans are going to need creative thinking more than ever. For all of our sakes, creativity in education, and for all, must become a priority.
单选题
What do we learn from the passage about creativity?
单选题
What does the report say is detrimental to the fostering of creativity?
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】由题干中的the fostering of creativity及题文同序原则定位到第三段。推理判断题。文章第三段第二句后半句指出,当教师的唯一目标是指导孩子们应付考试时,创造力也不会发展。由此可知,以考试为导向的教学不利于创造力的培养,故答案为C)。第三段第一句提到alleviate the uninspiring and fact-based approach to education,指的是“弱化无法引起学生兴趣且只基于事实的教育方法”,并未提到关于减轻压力的问题,故排除A);杜伦创意与教育委员会提出的建议是建立一个由教师主导的“创造力合作”网络,这是有利于创造力培养的,而题干中问的是不利于创造力培养的方面,故排除B);文章只在第四段提到了independent education sector “私立教育部门”,并未提及independent learning “自主学习”,故排除D)。
单选题
What do we learn about the private schools in the UK?
单选题
What do people tend to do while engaging in a conversation?
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】由题干中的tend to 和conversation定位到第一段第一、二句。事实细节题。第一段第一句指出,所谓的 “镜像”,就是模仿谈话对象行为的一种常见的人类行为,随后的第二句进一步明确指出,这是指我们下意识地模仿我们所喜欢的人的手势,可见选项C)是对该句的同义转述,故为答案。原文只提到了模仿,尤其是模仿手势,而不是重复话语,故排除选项A);根据第二段,选项B)所述的情况发生在产生镜像现象时,而不是指所有的交谈状况,故排除;D)项是根据第一段第二句设置的干扰,但原文所说的是模仿,而不是观察。
单选题
When does mirroring usually take place in a conversation?
单选题
Why is the saying "copy from two, it’s research" a lesson to learn?
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】由题干中的copy from two,it’s research定位到第七段第二、三句。事实细节题。第七段第二句指出,避免抄袭的第一条经验就是:“复制一个人的作品,是剽窃;复制两个人的作品,那是研究。”随后进一步说明,对这句话的正确解释是,写作不在于复制,而在于创造出你自己的风格,选项A)的意思与此一致,故为本题答案。根据第六段,有助于保护知识产权的是研究识别个人写作模式并确定作者的新方法,故排除B);C)是根据第七段开头的writing和professional设置的干扰,但该项与对文章的理解无关,故排除;第七段最后一句提到了给故事写续集,但原文是介绍研究专业人十写作,创造出自己风格的一种方法,而不是其结果,故排除D)。
单选题
Why does the author say imitation is rather paradoxical?