单选题 Many mental institutions throughout the country have been turned into dumpping grounds for thousands of oldsters who have no place else to go. Most of them aren't really mentally ill. In the jargon of the hospital bureaucracy, they are classified as "inappropriate admissions. " But since society has nothing better to offer, they are left to rot without hope, help, or dignity. The usual exit is death. Often through no fault of their own, understaffed and overcrowded mental hospitals handle their "geriatric cases" little better than cattle. There is a recurrent pattern of elderly patients locked into wards to prevent them from Wandering about, given steady doses of tranquilizers to keep them "manageable", left day and night without a trace of human warmth or companionship. Some hospitals have wards full of elderly, tranquilized patients, bodies bloated from their inactive, meaningless existences, sitting listlessly on hard benches or sprawled asleep on the floor. There are women, silent as statues, occupying chairs and rockers in the corridors. While the weather may be beautiful outdoors, old men may indifferently shuffle about a geriatric "cottage" with nowhere to go and nothing to do. Yet many of the people could be restored to human dignity, not by complicated therapeutic procedures, but among other things, by providing good medical care and reaching out a hand of kindness towards them. It is estimated that one half the old people in state mental hospitals today could leave if proper community resources, services and programs were available. But an indifferent society has not made them available.
单选题 The main idea of this passage is that ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 这篇短文的大意是:许多老人在精神病院度过晚年。根据第一段第一句,全国许多精神病院成为接纳数以万计没有去处的老人的垃圾场。
单选题 "Geriatric" in paragraph 2 refers to people who are ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 第二段中的geriatric指的是老年人。第一段第二句指出:大多数老人没有精神疾患,故B(lonely)和C(mentally ill)可以立刻排除;又根据第一段第三句,用医院官僚的话说,他们是不该住院的人,故可推测他们的身体没有毛病,D(physically ill)也可排除。根据上下文判断,geriatric意为“老年的”。geriatric所在的句子可以译为:员工不足且拥挤不堪的精神病院对待老年病人就像对待牲口一样。
单选题 We may infer that the author ______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 我们可以推断,作者同情老人们的境遇。根据倒数第二段,可以让许多老人恢复做人的尊严,其方法不是采用复杂的医疗程序,而是提供良好的护理,并向他们伸出援助之手。当然,还有其他可能性。
单选题 The author believes that the real blame lies with ______.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 作者认为真正的过错在于社会。根据最后一段,只要有适当的社区资源、社区服务和社区计划,估计州立精神病医院中有一半的老人可以离开。但是,冷漠的社会未能使老人们享有这些资源。