单选题   Mathematical ability and musical ability may not seem on the surface to be connected, but people who have researched the subject and studied the brain say that they are. Three quarters of the bright but speech-delayed children in the group I studied had a close relative who was an engineer, mathematician or scientist and four fifths had a close relative who played a musical instrument. The children themselves usually took readily to math and other analytical subjects and to music.
    Black, white and Asian children in this group show the same patterns. However, it is clear that blacks have been greatly overrepresented in the development of American popular music and greatly underrepresented in such fields as mathematics, science and engineering.
    If the abilities required in analytical fields and in music are so closely related, how can there be this great discrepancy? One reason is that the development of mathematical and other such abilities requires years of formal schooling, while certain musical talents can be developed with little or no formal training, as has happened with a number of well-known black musicians.
    It is precisely in those kinds of music where one can acquire great skill without formal training that blacks have excelled in popular music rather than classical music, piano rather than violin, blues rather than opera. This is readily understandable, given that most blacks, for most of American history, have not had either the money or the leisure for long years of formal study in music.
    Blacks have not merely held their own in American popular music. They have played a disproportionately large role in the development of jazz, both traditional and modem. A long string of names comes to mind—Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker... and so on.
    None of this indicates any special innate (先天的) ability of blacks in music. On the contrary, it is perfectly consistent with blacks having no more such inborn ability than anyone else, but being limited to being able to express such ability in narrower channels than others who have had the money, the time and the formal education to spread out over a wider range of music, as well as into mathematics, science and engineering.
单选题     Why does the author talk about the group of children he studied in the first paragraph?
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】作者在第1段首句提到,从表面上看,数学能力和音乐能力似乎没有什么联系,但其实是有联系的。第2句开始介绍自己的研究成果,由此可知其列举研究结果的目的在于证明前面所说的数学能力和音乐能力有联系,故答案为B。
单选题     What do we learn from the third paragraph?
 
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】文中第3段提到,如果分析学科和音乐领域所需要的能力关系那么密切,那怎么会有如此大的差异呢?可见,分析学科和音乐领域所需要的能力有很大的差别,故A符合文意。
单选题     Why have blacks achieved more in popular music than in math, science and engineering?
 
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】第2段最后提出了黑人在音乐中所取得的成就,第3段句首提出疑问并给出了原因:音乐不需要正规教育,而其他很多学科都需要,故答案为A。
单选题     What do we learn about opera from the passage?
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】第4段第1句前半部分说,黑人在不需要正规训练就可获得技巧的音乐领域方面脱颖而出,后半部分则举例说黑人多擅长流行音乐、钢琴和蓝调音乐,而不是古典音乐、小提琴和歌剧,反向推理,可见歌剧需要正规训练,故答案为B。其他三项均无法从原文中推断出来。
单选题     How can blacks finally achieve more in kinds of music that don't need formal training?
 
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】最后一段介绍了黑人在某些音乐领域有突出成绩的另一个原因:他们由于可发挥才能的空间狭窄,所以就在这些领域投入了更多的时间,故答案为B。根据最后一段第一句排除A;根据上文排除C;D在文中未提及。