【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文] We've long been told that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. But now, researchers have discovered a pear a day keeps the pounds away. A new study found that pears are associated with lower body weight. People who consume pears are 35 percent less likely to be overweight, scientists discovered. The study also found that pear consumption is associated with higher diet quality. A single medium pear contains nearly 24 per cent of the daily fiber recommendations—and is only 100 calories. The fruit is also free of fat, cholesterol and sodium. Dr Carol O'Neil, who led the study, said: 'The association between pears and lower weight is very exciting. We believe fiber intake may have driven the lower body weights that were seen in this study.' Researchers from the Louisiana State University looked at data from 2001 to 2010 for the study. They used a nationally representative sample to analyze the association of fresh pear consumption with nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, diet quality and heart attack risk factors in adults. She added: 'There was no difference in energy intake or level of physical activity found between the fresh pear consumers and non-consumers.' Eating one medium fresh pear each day has a positive effect on nutrient intake. Pears are an 'excellent source' of fiber, in addition to being a good source of vitamin C. The fruit has higher percentages of fiber, vitamin C, magnesium, copper and potassium, and leads to higher mean intakes of total sugars. According to the USDA Guidelines for Americans, people who eat more fruit as part of an overall healthy diet are more likely to reduce their risk of chronic diseases. But, the researchers noted that little has been published on the health outcomes associated with individual fruits—including pears. However, the USA Pear Bureau said it is continuing to work with researchers to commission additional studies to show the relationship between pears and positive health outcomes. The study was published in Nutrition and Food Science. What did the new study on pear and body weight discover? 录音开始不久便讲到，一项最新的研究发现了梨子有助于降低体重(pears are associated with lower body weight)，B是该处录音信息的同义表达，为正确答案。A“一个中等大小的梨约含24卡路里”中的数字有误，应是100卡路里。C“食用梨子的人更有可能超重”与录音内容相反，录音中说的是常食用梨子的人体重超标的可能性比不吃的人低35%。D“吃梨会降低人们的膳食质量”也跟录音内容相反，录音中说的是吃梨会提高膳食质量(pear consumption is associated with higher diet quality)。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文] What was used to analyze the association of pear consumption with nutrient intake in adults? 根据B中的sample和D中的data，推断本题可能与某项研究有关。录音中段提到，研究人员使用在全国范围内具有代表性的样本(nationally representative sample)来分析食用梨子与成年人摄取营养、营养充足性、膳食质量和心脏病风险的相互关系，B是nationally representative sample的同义表达，为正确答案。A和C是研究的对象，并不是用于研究的分析资料。D只是利用录音中的representative作干扰，录音说的是在全国范围内具有代表性的样本。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[听力原文] Which institution will work with researchers for further studies on pears? 录音末尾提到，美国梨业局(The USA Pear Bureau)表示将继续与研究人员合力开展其他研究，证明梨与人体健康的关系，A为正确答案。B“路易斯安那州大学”出现在录音靠前的部分，表明研究是由来自何处的人员所做的。C利用录音的USDA制造干扰，录音是说根据美国农业部给美国人的指引(the USDA Guidelines for Americans)，总体膳食结构中水果占比越大的人，其患上慢性疾病的风险更可能会降低，并未说美国农业部会继续开展更深入的研究。D在录音中未提及。