单选题 The free enterprise has produced a technology capable of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with progress, too, have come some instances of manipulative advertising practices and a great increase in products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to evaluate.
Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yet too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer's finished product or their own motivation in selecting one product over another.
Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot afford. The consequent overburdening of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to allocate 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without adequate reserves.
In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers arc sometimes faced with unfair and deceptive practices. Although there are laws designed to protect the consumers, there is not a sufficient number a law enforcers to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.
An adult in today's society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when entering into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to discern the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.
单选题 This passage is concerned mostly with ______.
  • A. the free enterprise system in America
  • B. the difficulty of living on a fixed income
  • C. innovative techniques in food processing
  • D. the advances of advertising techniques
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 本文第一句是全文的主题句。文章阐述了美国自由企业制度的概况。
单选题 The author implies that ______.
  • A. products are more expensive in the U. S. than anywhere else
  • B. credit cards are often used illegally
  • C. products very often do not perform as advertised
  • D. more Americans like to buy what they cannot afford
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 参阅第一段最后一句。该句暗示,由于操纵性的广告使大量产品的质量难以保证,故应选C。
单选题 Consumers often do not know ______.
  • A. the brand names of products they buy regularly
  • B. why they purchase certain products
  • C. the current interest rates on savings accounts
  • D. where to buy cheaper things
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 本题是综合归纳的内容,考生应特别注意与解题有关的关键词:... have no idea of ... their own motivation... 。
单选题 The author points out that some families ______.
  • A. are unprepared for financial emergencies
  • B. forget to claim interest charges on their income tax forms
  • C. spend more money on food than they would like to
  • D. purchase a house without knowing its true value
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 参阅第三段最后一句。
单选题 The author warns the reader to be cautious when ______.
  • A. buying items on sale
  • B. buying items on credit
  • C. buying items at discount
  • D. buying items advertised in newspapers
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 参阅最后一段第一、二句。虽然最后一段中也谈到消费者应了解做广告和推销的方法,以便辨别真假。但是,选择项D局限于购买在报纸上做广告的物品,则不妥,因为文章并未说明一定是在报纸上做广告的物品。