【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[听力原文] The 2010 Global Hunger Index report was released today by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). It notes that, in recent years, experts have come to the conclusion that undernourishment between conception and a child's second birthday can have serious and long-lasting impacts. Undernourishment during this approximately 1,000-day window can seriously check the growth and development of children and render them more likely to get sick and die than well-fed children. Preventing hunger allows children to develop both physically and mentally. Says IFPRI's Marie Ruel, 'They will be more likely to perform well in school. They will stay in school longer. And then at adulthood, IFPRI has actually demonstrated that children who were better nourished have higher wages, by a pretty large margin, by 46 percent.' Ruel says that means the productivity of a nation's future generations depends in a large part on the first 1,000 days of life. 'This is why we're all on board in focusing on those thousand days to improve nutrition. After that, the damage is done and is highly irreversible.' The data on nutrition and childhood development has been slowly coming together for decades. But Ruel says scientific consensus alone will not solve the problem. 'It's not enough that nutritionists know you have to intervene then, if we don't have the politicians on board, and also the people that implement programs in the field.' Ruel says there are encouraging signs that politicians and implementers are beginning to get on board. Many major donors and the United Nations are targeting hunger-relief programs at pregnant women and young children. They focus on improving diets or providing micro-food supplements. They improve access to pre-birth care and encourage exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child's life. Ruel says in the 1980s Thailand was able to reduce child undernourishment by recruiting a large number of volunteers to travel the countryside teaching about health and nutrition. 'They really did very active promotion of diversity in the diet and good eating habits. So they were providing more food to people, but also educating people on how to use them, and also educating people on how to feed their young children.' Ruel says countries may take different approaches to reducing child undernutrition. But she says nations will not make progress fighting hunger and poverty until they begin to focus on those critical first thousand days. What is the experts' conclusion regarding children's undernourishment in their earliest days of life? 快速浏览各题选项，根据其中的physical and mental development、parents、live longer、nutrientrich foods、breastfeeding、health and nutrition、hunger-relief、pregnant women and young children等词汇可知，讲座的内容很可能与儿童的生长发育有关。 四项均为以it开头的一般现在时的句子。其中两项包含problem，一项包含issue。除一项为中立性的表述以外，其余三项都包含消极意义。听音时需首先辨明it的指代对象，然后留意听其存在什么样的问题。 题目中所问的experts' conclusion是解答本题的线索，讲座开头处即提到，专家得出这样一个结论：从怀孕到婴儿两岁生日之间的营养不良可能导致严重而长期的影响。在这将近1000天的窗口时期的营养不良可能会严重威胁到幼儿的生长发育……预防饥饿将使孩子在身体和心智上都成长得更好。由此可知，生命最初1000天的营养不良问题将会严重影响幼儿的身体和心智发育。故选A。其他三项讲座中均未提及。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文] What does IFPRI's Marie Ruel say about well-fed children in their adult life? 四项均以they开头，其中的关键词分别为live longer、better pay、get along well、higher IQs。听音时应首先辨明they的指代对象，并将听音重点放在四项的关键词上。 题目中提到的adult life是解答本题的关键线索，讲座中提到“成年”的内容是：“他们(指那些营养相对较好的儿童)将更有可能在学校里表现得很好。他们也会在学校里待更长的时间。然后到了成年，IFPRI的确证明了营养更好的孩子有着相对更高的薪水，而且领先优势比较明显，有46%之多。”因此正确答案为选项B，其中的better pay是对原文中higher wages的同义替换。其他三项均为干扰选项。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[听力原文] What did Thailand do to reduce child undernourishment in the 1980s? 四个选项都为较长的名词短语，分别提及funds、encouraged、volunteers、programs，判断应该是政府等机构实施的举措。题目很可能是考查某一机构或组织的具体行为。 题目考查的是20世纪80年代的泰国为了减少儿童营养不良的发生所实施的举措。讲座中提到：“吕埃尔说，在20世纪80年代的泰国，通过招收大量的志愿者到乡下去讲授关于健康和营养的知识，整个国家降低了儿童营养不良的几率。他们在饮食的多样性和良好的饮食习惯方面真正做了积极的宣传工作……”故可知正确答案为C。其他选项都不是泰国政府的相应举措，应排除。