As childhood-obesity rates skyrocket, doctors are seeing an alarming rise in a costly disease once unheard of in children: type 2 diabetes. Unlike type 1, or "juvenile" diabetes—an autoimmune disorder in which the pancreas stops producing insulin—type 2 diabetes is linked to diet and lifestyle. It usually develops only in individuals who are genetically sicken for the condition, but requires a trigger—typically, insulin resistance resulting from overeating. The disease used to be seen only in adults because it took years to exhaust the body"s natural insulin production and resistance. No longer. With kids from Austria to Australia eating a diet laden with fats and sugars, type 2 diabetes is striking at ever earlier ages. Says Arian Rosenbloom, a Florida-based pediatric endocrinologist: "We do not see type 2 in kids of normal weight." The pattern is similar all over the world. In the United States and Britain, half of the new cases of diabetes in children are type 2, compared with just 4 percent in 1990. In China, where 90 percent of the children who have contracted the disease are now type 2, experts say the incidence has been rising by 9 percent each year since 1992. Between 1975 and 1995 in Japan, cases of type 2 in children increased fourfold. And children in Latin America could see a 45 percent rise in the disease by 2010. The trend mirrors the explosion of diabetes among the general population. In 1985 an estimated 30 million people worldwide had the disease; today that number has been more than fivefold, to 177 million, 85 percent of whom have type 2. If modern diet and lifestyle aren"t drastically altered, the World Health Organization expects this number to rise to nearly 300 million cases by 2025—half of them in Asia. The biggest danger of developing diabetes at a younger age is that it allows more time for complications. Among other things, diabetes commonly causes blindness, loss of circulation, heart and kidney disease, strokes and dangerously high blood-sugar levels. For young people with diabetes, the expected life span is 15 years less than average. Neville Rigby, head of policy and public affairs at the International Obesity Task Force, puts it bluntly: "Some of these children are going to die before their parents." Ultimately, diabetes is incurable. Although changes in lifestyle and diet can help stem the progression of the disease, it never disappears. Most patients are on insulin injections a decade after diagnosis. Ralph Abraham, a specialist at the London Diabetes and Lipid Centre, compares trying to develop a healthy body after being diagnosed to "trying to run up a down escalator." The best long term hope for reversing the trend is for society to get its weight problem under control.

单选题 According to the passage, children with type 2 diabetes

单选题 The figures in paragraph 2 denotes

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】解析：篇章结构题。本题考查对于作者写作意图的理解。浏览第二段，可以看出这里作者采用了典型的论点一论据式段落展开模式，首句为段落主题句：The pattern is similar all over the world．然后列举不同国家的一系列数据对主题句加以说明。"世界各地的增长趋势都很类似"是对主题句的同义转述，从第二段中的数字可以看出儿童患二型糖尿病的形式比较严峻。其他三个选项都只是局限于某一个国家的数字所说明的问题，过于细节化，没有从总体上表明作者的写作意图。此外就各项表述本身来看也存在问题，段中只是给出90%这样一个数据，由此不能判断中国患二型糖尿病的儿童数量最多。同理，日本和拉丁美洲国家也只是作者提到的例证而已，也无法断定它们是患二型糖尿病的儿童数量增长最快的国家，排除此三项。

单选题 To which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：推理判断题。从题干内容无法回归定位至原文，针对此类问题，需要从两个方面加以考虑：由于考研阅读通常按顺序设题，前两段已设出题点，因此本题考点可能在第三段。对照四个选项，认真阅读第三段内容，找到各选项出处逐个详细分析，从文章中寻找依据，来判断作者可能的观点。谈及WHO (世界卫生组织)的预测时，作者在第三段末句的条件句中提到：这一数字非常可能实现，除非现代的饮食习惯和生活方式发生剧变。从该段首句的the explosion of diabetes可以看出这种疾病来势凶猛，因此WHO的预言不是危言耸听。本题考查作者可能会同意的观点，所以必须从作者的行文方式中寻找答案。从第三段来看，作者并没有提到人们意识到饮食及生活方式对身体的严重危害，有意进行调整和改变；第三段列举了一系列的增长数字，表明糖尿病发展势头很猛，这与后面WHO的预测一致，而认为WHO高估了糖尿病的危害，显然不符合段落中的语句逻辑；认为糖尿病会成为世界上最常见的疾病，属于极端的观点，在文中没有相关的表述。

单选题 What might the author think of Neville Rigby"s comment?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】解析：观点态度题。根据题干中的Neville Rigby定位至第四段引用处。本题考查作者对文中提到的某一观点可能的态度，需要留意作者对这一观点的表述。作者提到Neville Rigby坦率地表明可能有一些儿童会比父母的寿命要短，这是为了说明该段段首提到的The biggest danger of developing diabetes，这说明儿童患二型糖尿病的严重性。段中作者引用Neville Rigby的评论是用来正面支持自己的论点，从末句中的bluntly(坦率地)可以看出这是正面例证；It"s out of the question (这是不可能的)与语境矛盾，第四段末二句提到患糖尿病的儿童寿命大大缩短，显然作者引用Neville Rig by的话是用来支持这一观点；作者并未对引用进行具体评价。