单选题 A. forecast B. flexible C. neutrally D. preference E. detach
F. bound G. implement H. consequence I. qualified J. dismissing
K. result L. occupying M. urgently N. skeptical O. response
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They 42 needed supplies of highly trained personnel to 43 a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special 'return' programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1, 600 44 scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, 'temporary return' programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel 45 strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries may well increase in 46 to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies 47 that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a 48 there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give 49 to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad; they must introduce 50 administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is 51 to continue.

问答题

【正确答案】M

【答案解析】该空前后是一个完整的句子，此处应填入一个副词来修饰后面的谓语动词needed。备选副词为：neutrally“中立地”；urgently“迫切地，紧急地”。前句提及很多发展中国家开始把本国学生送往工业化国家深造，由此可以判断，他们是迫切需要人才的，urgently符合文意，故答案为M。

问答题

【正确答案】G。

【答案解析】该空前面是一个完整的句子，此处应填入一个动词原形，与前面的to构成动词不定式，并与后面的名词concept“理念”一起做前面宾语personnel“人才”的补足语。备选项为：forecast“预报，预测”；detach“分离”；bound“束缚；划定界限”；implement“完成，实现”。空格动词的宾语是基于现代化的发展观，选项中与该宾语搭配具有意义且切合语境的只有implement，表示：需要大批人才来实现基于现代化的发展观。故答案为G。

问答题

【正确答案】I。

【答案解析】此处应填入一个形容词做定语，修饰后面的宾语scientists and technicians“科技人员”。备选项为：flexible“有弹性的；灵活的”；bound“受约束的；有义务的”；qualified“合格的”；skeptical“怀疑的”。前文提及一些拉美国家设法通过设立专门的“回归”项目，鼓励其专业人才回国，本句指出正是由于这些项目得到了支持，科学家和技术人员才得以回到拉丁美洲。由此判断，能够回国的技术人员应该都是合格的，qualified符合语境。故答案为I。

问答题

【正确答案】L。

【答案解析】空格单词与后面的成分共同做personnel的定语，personnel与strategic positions是主动关系，由此判断，此处应填入一个现在分词。备选项为：dismissing“解雇；解散”；occupying“占据；任职”。结合语境很容易判断，occupying符合句意，表示：在发达国家担任战略性职位的专门人才。故答案为L。

问答题

【正确答案】O。

【答案解析】由介词in可知，空格处应填入一个名词，与in和to搭配使用。备选名词为：preference“更喜欢，偏爱”；response“反应”；consequence和result意为“结果”。in response to为常用搭配，表示“对……的反应”，符合句意，句意为：但是由于知识界国际市场的新法则，这些国家的人才流失或许会更加严重。故答案为O。

问答题

【正确答案】A。

【答案解析】该句缺少一个谓语动词，由空格后面宾语从句中的将来时态are going to可知，只有动词forecast“预测”符合这里的句意。故答案为A。

问答题

【正确答案】K。

【答案解析】由介词短语as a可知此处应填入一个单数名词，与as a搭配使用。前句提及最发达的国家将会需要越来越多的高素质专业人才，本句指出发展中国家急需派留学生出国，所以前后两句是因果关系，且后句是前一句所述事实的结果，as a result“因此”符合语境。故答案为K。

问答题

【正确答案】D。

【答案解析】由短语give ______ to可知，空格处应填入一个名词。语境为：因此派学生出国留学的发展中国家急需向那些需要有能力的人来加强其体系的领域______。后句提及“而不是鼓励培养那些由于找不到专业出路而有可能不回国的人”，言外之意是：发展中国家派出的留学生应该是那些国内领域急需的人才，这样留学生归国后就能找到出路和工作，而不会造成很严重的人才流失。结合语境可知，preference“偏爱”的固定搭配give preference to“对……偏爱”符合句意。故答案为D。

问答题

【正确答案】B。

【答案解析】此处应填入一个形容词，和administrative一起做定语修饰后面的宾语procedures。备选项为：flexible“有弹性的；灵活的”；bound“受约束的；有义务的”；qualified“合格的”；skeptical“怀疑的”。由前文中的simply可知，这里的体系应该是与“简单的”相反，选项中flexible“灵活的”符合句意，句意为：并且发展中国家不应该只满足于那种简单把派往海外的专业人才送回国的体制结构，而是必须要引进灵活的管理程序以鼓励留学生回国。故答案为B。

问答题

【正确答案】F。

【答案解析】空格前为句子主语brain drain和系动词is，空格后为动词不定式to continue。由此可知，本句的谓语结构不完整。此处应填入一个名词或一个形容词与is构成系表结构。结合上下文可知，如果发展中国家不引进灵活的管理程序，人才流失的问题就会继续。由此判断，人才流失的问题还会发生。结合选项可知，只有bound符合语境，be bound to为常用搭配，意为“一定，必定”，指人才流失问题必定会继续存在。故答案为F。