单选题 In a sweeping change to how most of its 1,800 employees are paid, the Union Square Hospitality Group will eliminate tipping at Union Square Cafe and its 12 other restaurants by the end of next year, the company"s chief executive, Danny Meyer, said on Wednesday. The move will affect New York City businesses. The first will be the Modern, inside the Museum of Modern Art, starting next month. The others will gradually follow.
A small number of restaurants around the country have reduced or eliminated tipping in the last several years. Some put a surcharge on the bill, allowing the restaurants to set the pay for all their employees. Others, including Bruno Pizza, a new restaurant in the East Village, factor the cost of an hourly wage for servers into their menu prices. Union Square Hospitality Group will do the latter.
The Modern will be the pilot restaurant, Mr. Meyer said, because its chef, Abram Bissell, has been agitating for higher pay to attract skilled cooks. The average hourly wage for kitchen employees at the restaurant is expected to rise to $15.25 from $11.75. Mr. Meyer said that restaurants such as his needed to stay competitive as the state moved to a $15 minimum wage for fast-food workers. If cooks" wages do not keep pace with the cost of living, he said, "it"s not going to be sustainable to attract the culinary talent that the city needs to keep its edge." Mr. Meyer said he hoped to be able to raise pay for junior dining room managers and for cooks, dishwashers and other kitchen workers.
The wage gap is one of several issues cited by restaurateurs who have deleted the tip line from checks. Some believe it is unfair for servers" pay to be affected by factors that have nothing to do with performance. A rash of class-action lawsuits over tipping irregularities, many of which have been settled for millions of dollars, is a mounting worry.
Scott Rosenberg, an owner of Sushi Yasuda in Manhattan, said in an interview in 2013 that he had eliminated tipping so his restaurant could more closely follow the customs of Japan, where tipping is rare. He said he also hoped his customers would enjoy leaving the table without having to solve a math problem. While Drew Nieporent, who owns nine restaurants in New York City and one in London, said he doubted the average diner would accept an increase in prices. "Tipping is a way of life in this country," he said. "It may not be the perfect system, but it"s our system. It"s an American system."

单选题 According to the first paragraph, what would happen in New York City?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题
根据题干关键词定位到第一段。根据该段第一句中的the Union Square Hospitality Group will eliminate tipping at Union Square Cafe and its 12 other restaurants可知，联合广场餐饮集团将取消联合广场咖啡馆和旗下另外12家餐馆的小费，共取消13家餐馆的小费。由此可知B项“联合广场餐饮集团的13家餐馆的小费将被取消”为正确答案，A项“联合广场餐饮集团的1800名员工获得的酬劳将与以前一样”与文中的In a sweeping change“为了彻底改变”不符。C项的All太绝对了，文中主要指餐饮业受影响。原文说的是下个月将开始取消小费，并不是制定一个新的小费制度，所以D项不符，故排除。

单选题 By "do the latter" (Para. 2), the writer probably means Union Square Hospitality Group will ______.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题
根据题干关键词定位到第二段。该段的首句是主题句“在过去几年里，美国的少数几家餐馆减少或取消了小费”，第二、三句分别介绍了两个情况，句首由Some和Others引导。第四句说了联合广场餐饮集团的做法，将采用后者，即Others所在的句子。factor作为动词，意为“把……作为因素计入”，故第三句意为“还有些餐馆是把服务员的平均小时工资加到菜价里”。因此C项“解释说明菜价包含‘服务费’”与文章一致，为正确答案。A项“减少小费”和B项“降低菜价”明显错误。D项“在账单上留出填写小费的空白栏”是前者的做法，也排除。

单选题 Why does Danny Meyer make the Modem be the first restaurant to eliminate tipping?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节题
题干中部分关键词在第一段中出现过，但与题干问题相关的内容出现在第三段。该段第一句中的pilot相当于题干中的the first，该句意为“梅耶说，现代餐厅之所以成为试点餐厅是因为它的大厨艾布拉姆-比塞尔一直主张通过支付更高的报酬来吸引熟练厨师”，故B项“它的大厨主张通过支付更高的报酬来吸引熟练厨师”为正确答案，B项中的argues strongly和culinary talents分别是文中agitating和skilled cooks的同义替换。A项“小费不能分配给它的熟练厨师”的干扰性较大，但B项更佳。C项和D项原文没有提及，也不是题干的原因。

单选题 It is unfair that servers" pay may be affected by EXCEPT ______.

单选题 The author"s attitude towards tips" elimination seems to be ______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[解析] 态度题
根据题干关键词定位到全文。第一段指出文章的话题“联合广场餐饮集团的首席执行官丹尼·梅耶说，该集团将取消联合广场咖啡馆和旗下另外12家餐馆的小费”。第二段说明取消小费的形式。第三、四段说明原因。最后一段是不同餐馆老板对这一举措的不同态度。作者就事论事，态度是客观的，故D项为正确答案。A项“赞同的”、B项“怀疑的”和C项“不确定的”均排除。