【正确答案】For various reasons the four maxims under the cooperative principles are often violated，or“flouted”．Most of these violations give rise to what Grice calls “conversational implicature”，in other words，when we violate any of these maxims，our language becomes indirect．For example，
A：Do you know where Mr．X lives?
B：Somewhere in the city．
Here B is flouting the maxim of quantity．The implicature produced is“I do not wish to tell you where Mr．X lives．”