F. Gouin's linguistic and psychological theories based on his observations of children's use of language were directly applied to the practice of the 1 Method.
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【正确答案】 1、Direct    
【答案解析】 古文基于对儿童使用母语的观察而创立的语言学和心理学理论被直接运用到直接法(Direct Method)的教学实践中。