Do people get happier or more foul-tempered as they age? Stereotypes of irritable neighbors【C1】______, scientists have been trying to answer this question for decades, and the results have been【C2】______Now a study of several thousand Americans born between 1885 and 1980 reveals that well-being【C3】______increases with age—but overall happiness【C4】______when a person was born. 【C5】______studies that have【C6】______older adults with the middle-aged and young have sometimes found that older adults are not as happy. But these studies could not【C7】______whether their【C8】______was because of their age or because of their【C9】______life experience. The new study, published online January 24 in Psychological Science ,【C10】______out the answer by examining 30 years of data on thousands of Americans, including【C11】______measures of mood and well-being, reports of job and relationship success, and objective measures of health. The researchers found, after controlling for variables【C12】______health, wealth, gender, ethnicity and education, that well-being increases over everyone's lifetime.【C13】______people who have lived through extreme hardship, such as the Great Depression,【C14】______much less happy than those who have had more【C15】______lives. This finding helps to【C16】______why past studies have found conflicting results—experience【C17】______, and tough times can【C18】______an entire generation's happiness for the rest of their lives. The【C19】______news is,【C20】______we've lived through, we can all look forward to feeling more content as we age.
【答案解析】解析:本题考查上下文语义。空格前一句,研究发现有时老年人不如中年人和年轻人那样幸福,空格所在句紧接着说难以分辨这种不幸福的原因是哪一个。根据语义,空格处的词应与上文的not as happy相呼应。因此,discontent意为“不满,不愉快”,符合文意。unwillingness意为“不愿意,不情愿”;incompetence意为“无资格,不胜任,无能力”;precariousness意为“不安全,不牢靠”。
【答案解析】解析:本题考查形容词词义辨析。空格所在处的measures由空格处形容词及后置定语of mood and well—being共同修饰,空格所在部分的含义为:对情绪和幸福感的……评估。情绪和幸福感都是心理或精神层面的东西,因此,psychological指“心理的.心理学的;精神上的”,为正确选项。biological指“生物的,生物学的”;medical意为“医学的,医药的;内科的”;physical指“身体的;物质的”。
单选题
【C12】
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】解析:本题考查逻辑关系。空格前为variables(变量),空格后为health,wealth,gender,ethnicity and education。由此可见,空格后部分是对空格前部分的列举举例。选项中只有such as(比如,诸如)符合文意,为正确选项。instead of意为“代替;而不是……”;along with意为“和……一起,连同”;apart from意为“远离,除……之外”。