
(2)营运资本投资=5-1=4(万元)初始现金流量=-(100+4)=-104(万元) 第五年末账面价值为: 100×5%=5(万元)变现相关流量为:10-(10-5)×25%=8.75(万元)每年折旧为:100×0.95/5=19(万元)第5年现金流量净额为:5×30×(1-25%)-(6+20×5)×(1-25%)+19×25%+4-5.2+8.75=45.3(万元)
(3)企业1~4年的现金流量=45.3-4-8.75=32.55(万元) 净现值=32.55×(P/A,9%,4)+45.3×(P/F,9%,5)-104=32.55×3.2397+45.3×0.6499-104=30.89(万元)新产品投资的净现值=30.89(万元)
(4)假设净现值等于0的每年税后营业现金净流量为W万元,则:W×(P/A,9%,4)+(W+12.75)×(P/F,9%,5)-104=0W×3.2397+W×0.6499+12.75×0.6499=1043.8896×W=95.7138W=24.61(万元)假设销量最小值为A万盒,则:A×30×(1-25%)-(6+20×A)×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2=24.61A×22.5-6×(1-25%)+20×A×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2=24.61即:22.5×A-4.5-15×A+4.75-5.2=24.6122.5×A-15×A=24.61+4.5+5.2-4.757.5×A=29.56解得:A=3.94(万盒)假设单价最小值为B元,则:5×B×(1-25%)-(6+20×5)×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2=24.61即:3.75×B-79.5+4.75-5.2=24.613.75×B=24.61+79.5+5.2-4.75解得:B=27.88(元)假设单位变动成本最大值为C元,则:5×30×(1-25%)-(6+C×5)×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2=24.61112.5-6×(1-25%)-C×5×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2=24.61C×5×(1-25%)=112.5-6×(1-25%)+19×25%-5.2-24.61解得:C=22.12(元)
(5)净现值下降100%时,每年税后营业现金净流量下降(32.55-24.61)/32.55×100%=24.39% 所以,每年税后营业现金净流量的敏感系数=100%/24.39%=4.10