【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[听力原文] The subject of today's lecture is culture shock: group pressure in action. Culture shock, as you know, is the term used to describe the experience many people have when they travel to another country, and it can be seen as a manifestation of group pressure in action. It is a good example of group pressure, because it shows what happens when an individual suddenly experiences different culture rules, the rules of another cultural group. Now culture shock is a complex phenomenon, and there are different stages of this experience. In fact, cross-cultural studies on culture shock have immense practical value for modern society. In this lecture I'm going to focus on the reasons why people experience culture shock. Why do people experience culture shock? Think about this for a minute. When you grow up in a particular set of surroundings, naturally you get used to the rules and guidelines that govern the behavior of the people around you. In a sense, you become totally dependent on the rules of your social group. You don't tend to question them; you just accept them without thinking. These rules are often not clearly articulated, and therefore, you're not aware of their impact. In other words, you are not necessarily conscious of them. They only become important when, for example, you go to another country or a different environment that's governed by a different set of rules. In fact, this experience can be so shocking that it has been compared to having a bucket of cold water thrown over yon. Culture shock happens precisely because you cannot use your own culture as a map to guide your own behavior and your own understanding of what surrounds you. You're totally out of control, just as if you were driving along a highway in the dark, without a road map. And because of this, people often behave irrationally. It's a highly stressful experience, and there are different symptoms in different stages... When does culture shock usually happen for many people? 快速浏览本部分各题的所有选项，根据another country、rules、social group、shocked、foreign culture等可大致推断，讲座很可能与出国和文化有关，听音时应将重点放在这些关键信息上。 四项均以when开头，本题考查的内容应该是某种行为或现象发生的时间，听录音时应首先辨明选项中they的指代对象，然后将重点放在四项的关键信息上(particular...surroundings，another country，dependent on the rules，learn a foreign language)。 讲座中第二句就提到：“文化冲击这个术语是用于描述许多人在出国旅行时都会产生的一种感受”，因此可以得出B项为正确答案。其他三项均与讲座内容不符，故排除。
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[听力原文] What does the speaker say about the rules and guidelines in the surroundings where people grow up? 四项均是主语为they的描述性句子，且均为一般现在时。根据四个选项描述的内容，可推测they指代的不是某些人，而是某种事物或现象。本题考查的内容应该是某个细节，听录音时应注意对细节信息的提取以及对整体内容的把握和理解。 讲座中间部分提到：“当你在一个特定的环境中成长时，你会自然而然地习惯于这里的规则和惯例，它们支配着你周围人们的行为。在某种意义上，你会变得完全依赖于你所在的社会群体的规则。”因此可以得出C项为正确答案。A、D两项与讲座中的表述正好相反，B项讲座中并未提及，故排除。
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[听力原文] What does the speaker mean by mentioning 'a bucket of cold water thrown over you'? 四项均为一般现在时的描述性句子。本题考查的内容应该是某个细节，听录音时应注意对细节信息的提取，并留意四个选项中的关键信息(shocked by the difference，attitude...cold，foreign culture，budget shortfalls)。 讲座后半部分提到：“例如，你去到另一个国家或者一个不同的环境中，被一套不同的规则所支配。事实上，这种感受会令你非常震惊，就像被一桶冷水浇在身上。正是因为你无法将自己原本的文化当作一张地图，用来指导你自身的行为以及对周围环境的认知，文化冲击就这样发生了。”因此可以得出A项为正确答案。其余三项讲座中均未提及，属于干扰项，可排除。本题考查比喻的修辞手法，难度较大，需要考生对语境和语义进行准确把握。