填空题 Translate the following passage into Chinese．Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET．(天津外国语大学2011研，考试科目：英语语言文学)If Europe has had a complex mythological function for America, America has also—less complicatedly—had its function for Europe, as the land of newness, roughness, wealth, violence, and improbability. Americans themselves have been fascinated by this picture of their character. But they have also been a little touchy about it. As many critics have noted, there has been a split in American writing between a cultivated, Europeanized concept of literature, and a notion of a native literature. One critic has christened the two types of authors" palefaces" and" redskins" , taking Henry James and Walt Whitman as representative figures. This is one useful simplification for the English reader to bear in mind. Another common and useful(though not identical)division is between those authors like Emerson and Whitman who reveal the millennial optimism mentioned above, and those other—Hawthorne, Melville, Henry James—who are skeptical of their compatriots" confidence in moral progress. Both these distinctions are theoretical extremes no one author in America has fully exemplified either of them.